1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
26 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
27 #include "code/vmreg.inline.hpp"
28 #include "interpreter/bytecode.hpp"
29 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
30 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
31 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
32 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
33 #include "oops/methodData.hpp"
34 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
35 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
36 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
37 #include "runtime/monitorChunk.hpp"
38 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
39 #include "runtime/vframe.hpp"
40 #include "runtime/vframeArray.hpp"
41 #include "runtime/vframe_hp.hpp"
42 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
43 #ifdef COMPILER2
44 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
45 #endif
46
47 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC
48
49 int vframeArrayElement:: bci(void) const { return (_bci == SynchronizationEntryBCI ? 0 : _bci); }
50
51 void vframeArrayElement::free_monitors(JavaThread* jt) {
52 if (_monitors != NULL) {
53 MonitorChunk* chunk = _monitors;
54 _monitors = NULL;
55 jt->remove_monitor_chunk(chunk);
56 delete chunk;
57 }
58 }
59
60 void vframeArrayElement::fill_in(compiledVFrame* vf, bool realloc_failures) {
61
62 // Copy the information from the compiled vframe to the
63 // interpreter frame we will be creating to replace vf
64
65 _method = vf->method();
66 _bci = vf->raw_bci();
67 _reexecute = vf->should_reexecute();
68 #ifdef ASSERT
69 _removed_monitors = false;
70 #endif
71
72 int index;
73
74 // Get the monitors off-stack
75
76 GrowableArray<MonitorInfo*>* list = vf->monitors();
77 if (list->is_empty()) {
78 _monitors = NULL;
79 } else {
80
81 // Allocate monitor chunk
82 _monitors = new MonitorChunk(list->length());
83 vf->thread()->add_monitor_chunk(_monitors);
84
85 // Migrate the BasicLocks from the stack to the monitor chunk
86 for (index = 0; index < list->length(); index++) {
87 MonitorInfo* monitor = list->at(index);
88 assert(!monitor->owner_is_scalar_replaced() || realloc_failures, "object should be reallocated already");
89 BasicObjectLock* dest = _monitors->at(index);
90 if (monitor->owner_is_scalar_replaced()) {
91 dest->set_obj(NULL);
92 } else {
93 assert(monitor->owner() == NULL || (!monitor->owner()->is_unlocked() && !monitor->owner()->has_bias_pattern()), "object must be null or locked, and unbiased");
94 dest->set_obj(monitor->owner());
95 monitor->lock()->move_to(monitor->owner(), dest->lock());
96 }
97 }
98 }
99
100 // Convert the vframe locals and expressions to off stack
101 // values. Because we will not gc all oops can be converted to
102 // intptr_t (i.e. a stack slot) and we are fine. This is
103 // good since we are inside a HandleMark and the oops in our
104 // collection would go away between packing them here and
105 // unpacking them in unpack_on_stack.
106
107 // First the locals go off-stack
108
109 // FIXME this seems silly it creates a StackValueCollection
110 // in order to get the size to then copy them and
111 // convert the types to intptr_t size slots. Seems like it
112 // could do it in place... Still uses less memory than the
113 // old way though
114
115 StackValueCollection *locs = vf->locals();
116 _locals = new StackValueCollection(locs->size());
117 for(index = 0; index < locs->size(); index++) {
118 StackValue* value = locs->at(index);
119 switch(value->type()) {
120 case T_OBJECT:
121 assert(!value->obj_is_scalar_replaced() || realloc_failures, "object should be reallocated already");
122 // preserve object type
123 _locals->add( new StackValue(cast_from_oop<intptr_t>((value->get_obj()())), T_OBJECT ));
124 break;
125 case T_CONFLICT:
126 // A dead local. Will be initialized to null/zero.
127 _locals->add( new StackValue());
128 break;
129 case T_INT:
130 _locals->add( new StackValue(value->get_int()));
131 break;
132 default:
133 ShouldNotReachHere();
134 }
135 }
136
137 // Now the expressions off-stack
138 // Same silliness as above
139
140 StackValueCollection *exprs = vf->expressions();
141 _expressions = new StackValueCollection(exprs->size());
142 for(index = 0; index < exprs->size(); index++) {
143 StackValue* value = exprs->at(index);
144 switch(value->type()) {
145 case T_OBJECT:
146 assert(!value->obj_is_scalar_replaced() || realloc_failures, "object should be reallocated already");
147 // preserve object type
148 _expressions->add( new StackValue(cast_from_oop<intptr_t>((value->get_obj()())), T_OBJECT ));
149 break;
150 case T_CONFLICT:
151 // A dead stack element. Will be initialized to null/zero.
152 // This can occur when the compiler emits a state in which stack
153 // elements are known to be dead (because of an imminent exception).
154 _expressions->add( new StackValue());
155 break;
156 case T_INT:
157 _expressions->add( new StackValue(value->get_int()));
158 break;
159 default:
160 ShouldNotReachHere();
161 }
162 }
163 }
164
165 int unpack_counter = 0;
166
167 void vframeArrayElement::unpack_on_stack(int caller_actual_parameters,
168 int callee_parameters,
169 int callee_locals,
170 frame* caller,
171 bool is_top_frame,
172 bool is_bottom_frame,
173 int exec_mode) {
174 JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*) Thread::current();
175
176 // Look at bci and decide on bcp and continuation pc
177 address bcp;
178 // C++ interpreter doesn't need a pc since it will figure out what to do when it
179 // begins execution
180 address pc;
181 bool use_next_mdp = false; // true if we should use the mdp associated with the next bci
182 // rather than the one associated with bcp
183 if (raw_bci() == SynchronizationEntryBCI) {
184 // We are deoptimizing while hanging in prologue code for synchronized method
185 bcp = method()->bcp_from(0); // first byte code
186 pc = Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0); // step = 0 since we don't skip current bytecode
187 } else if (should_reexecute()) { //reexecute this bytecode
188 assert(is_top_frame, "reexecute allowed only for the top frame");
189 bcp = method()->bcp_from(bci());
190 pc = Interpreter::deopt_reexecute_entry(method(), bcp);
191 } else {
192 bcp = method()->bcp_from(bci());
193 pc = Interpreter::deopt_continue_after_entry(method(), bcp, callee_parameters, is_top_frame);
194 use_next_mdp = true;
195 }
196 assert(Bytecodes::is_defined(*bcp), "must be a valid bytecode");
197
198 // Monitorenter and pending exceptions:
199 //
200 // For Compiler2, there should be no pending exception when deoptimizing at monitorenter
201 // because there is no safepoint at the null pointer check (it is either handled explicitly
202 // or prior to the monitorenter) and asynchronous exceptions are not made "pending" by the
203 // runtime interface for the slow case (see JRT_ENTRY_FOR_MONITORENTER). If an asynchronous
204 // exception was processed, the bytecode pointer would have to be extended one bytecode beyond
205 // the monitorenter to place it in the proper exception range.
206 //
207 // For Compiler1, deoptimization can occur while throwing a NullPointerException at monitorenter,
208 // in which case bcp should point to the monitorenter since it is within the exception's range.
209
210 assert(*bcp != Bytecodes::_monitorenter || is_top_frame, "a _monitorenter must be a top frame");
211 assert(thread->deopt_nmethod() != NULL, "nmethod should be known");
212 guarantee(!(thread->deopt_nmethod()->is_compiled_by_c2() &&
213 *bcp == Bytecodes::_monitorenter &&
214 exec_mode == Deoptimization::Unpack_exception),
215 "shouldn't get exception during monitorenter");
216
217 int popframe_preserved_args_size_in_bytes = 0;
218 int popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words = 0;
219 if (is_top_frame) {
220 JvmtiThreadState *state = thread->jvmti_thread_state();
221 if (JvmtiExport::can_pop_frame() &&
222 (thread->has_pending_popframe() || thread->popframe_forcing_deopt_reexecution())) {
223 if (thread->has_pending_popframe()) {
224 // Pop top frame after deoptimization
225 #ifndef CC_INTERP
226 pc = Interpreter::remove_activation_preserving_args_entry();
227 #else
228 // Do an uncommon trap type entry. c++ interpreter will know
229 // to pop frame and preserve the args
230 pc = Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0);
231 use_next_mdp = false;
232 #endif
233 } else {
234 // Reexecute invoke in top frame
235 pc = Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0);
236 use_next_mdp = false;
237 popframe_preserved_args_size_in_bytes = in_bytes(thread->popframe_preserved_args_size());
238 // Note: the PopFrame-related extension of the expression stack size is done in
239 // Deoptimization::fetch_unroll_info_helper
240 popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words = in_words(thread->popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words());
241 }
242 } else if (JvmtiExport::can_force_early_return() && state != NULL && state->is_earlyret_pending()) {
243 // Force early return from top frame after deoptimization
244 #ifndef CC_INTERP
245 pc = Interpreter::remove_activation_early_entry(state->earlyret_tos());
246 #endif
247 } else {
248 // Possibly override the previous pc computation of the top (youngest) frame
249 switch (exec_mode) {
250 case Deoptimization::Unpack_deopt:
251 // use what we've got
252 break;
253 case Deoptimization::Unpack_exception:
254 // exception is pending
255 pc = SharedRuntime::raw_exception_handler_for_return_address(thread, pc);
256 // [phh] We're going to end up in some handler or other, so it doesn't
257 // matter what mdp we point to. See exception_handler_for_exception()
258 // in interpreterRuntime.cpp.
259 break;
260 case Deoptimization::Unpack_uncommon_trap:
261 case Deoptimization::Unpack_reexecute:
262 // redo last byte code
263 pc = Interpreter::deopt_entry(vtos, 0);
264 use_next_mdp = false;
265 break;
266 default:
267 ShouldNotReachHere();
268 }
269 }
270 }
271
272 // Setup the interpreter frame
273
274 assert(method() != NULL, "method must exist");
275 int temps = expressions()->size();
276
277 int locks = monitors() == NULL ? 0 : monitors()->number_of_monitors();
278
279 Interpreter::layout_activation(method(),
280 temps + callee_parameters,
281 popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words,
282 locks,
283 caller_actual_parameters,
284 callee_parameters,
285 callee_locals,
286 caller,
287 iframe(),
288 is_top_frame,
289 is_bottom_frame);
290
291 // Update the pc in the frame object and overwrite the temporary pc
292 // we placed in the skeletal frame now that we finally know the
293 // exact interpreter address we should use.
294
295 _frame.patch_pc(thread, pc);
296
297 assert (!method()->is_synchronized() || locks > 0 || _removed_monitors, "synchronized methods must have monitors");
298
299 BasicObjectLock* top = iframe()->interpreter_frame_monitor_begin();
300 for (int index = 0; index < locks; index++) {
301 top = iframe()->previous_monitor_in_interpreter_frame(top);
302 BasicObjectLock* src = _monitors->at(index);
303 top->set_obj(src->obj());
304 src->lock()->move_to(src->obj(), top->lock());
305 }
306 if (ProfileInterpreter) {
307 iframe()->interpreter_frame_set_mdp(0); // clear out the mdp.
308 }
309 iframe()->interpreter_frame_set_bcp(bcp);
310 if (ProfileInterpreter) {
311 MethodData* mdo = method()->method_data();
312 if (mdo != NULL) {
313 int bci = iframe()->interpreter_frame_bci();
314 if (use_next_mdp) ++bci;
315 address mdp = mdo->bci_to_dp(bci);
316 iframe()->interpreter_frame_set_mdp(mdp);
317 }
318 }
319
320 // Unpack expression stack
321 // If this is an intermediate frame (i.e. not top frame) then this
322 // only unpacks the part of the expression stack not used by callee
323 // as parameters. The callee parameters are unpacked as part of the
324 // callee locals.
325 int i;
326 for(i = 0; i < expressions()->size(); i++) {
327 StackValue *value = expressions()->at(i);
328 intptr_t* addr = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_at(i);
329 switch(value->type()) {
330 case T_INT:
331 *addr = value->get_int();
332 break;
333 case T_OBJECT:
334 *addr = value->get_int(T_OBJECT);
335 break;
336 case T_CONFLICT:
337 // A dead stack slot. Initialize to null in case it is an oop.
338 *addr = NULL_WORD;
339 break;
340 default:
341 ShouldNotReachHere();
342 }
343 }
344
345
346 // Unpack the locals
347 for(i = 0; i < locals()->size(); i++) {
348 StackValue *value = locals()->at(i);
349 intptr_t* addr = iframe()->interpreter_frame_local_at(i);
350 switch(value->type()) {
351 case T_INT:
352 *addr = value->get_int();
353 break;
354 case T_OBJECT:
355 *addr = value->get_int(T_OBJECT);
356 break;
357 case T_CONFLICT:
358 // A dead location. If it is an oop then we need a NULL to prevent GC from following it
359 *addr = NULL_WORD;
360 break;
361 default:
362 ShouldNotReachHere();
363 }
364 }
365
366 if (is_top_frame && JvmtiExport::can_pop_frame() && thread->popframe_forcing_deopt_reexecution()) {
367 // An interpreted frame was popped but it returns to a deoptimized
368 // frame. The incoming arguments to the interpreted activation
369 // were preserved in thread-local storage by the
370 // remove_activation_preserving_args_entry in the interpreter; now
371 // we put them back into the just-unpacked interpreter frame.
372 // Note that this assumes that the locals arena grows toward lower
373 // addresses.
374 if (popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words != 0) {
375 void* saved_args = thread->popframe_preserved_args();
376 assert(saved_args != NULL, "must have been saved by interpreter");
377 #ifdef ASSERT
378 assert(popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words <=
379 iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_size()*Interpreter::stackElementWords,
380 "expression stack size should have been extended");
381 #endif // ASSERT
382 int top_element = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_size()-1;
383 intptr_t* base;
384 if (frame::interpreter_frame_expression_stack_direction() < 0) {
385 base = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack_at(top_element);
386 } else {
387 base = iframe()->interpreter_frame_expression_stack();
388 }
389 Copy::conjoint_jbytes(saved_args,
390 base,
391 popframe_preserved_args_size_in_bytes);
392 thread->popframe_free_preserved_args();
393 }
394 }
395
396 #ifndef PRODUCT
397 if (TraceDeoptimization && Verbose) {
398 ttyLocker ttyl;
399 tty->print_cr("[%d Interpreted Frame]", ++unpack_counter);
400 iframe()->print_on(tty);
401 RegisterMap map(thread);
402 vframe* f = vframe::new_vframe(iframe(), &map, thread);
403 f->print();
404
405 tty->print_cr("locals size %d", locals()->size());
406 tty->print_cr("expression size %d", expressions()->size());
407
408 method()->print_value();
409 tty->cr();
410 // method()->print_codes();
411 } else if (TraceDeoptimization) {
412 tty->print(" ");
413 method()->print_value();
414 Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::java_code_at(method(), bcp);
415 int bci = method()->bci_from(bcp);
416 tty->print(" - %s", Bytecodes::name(code));
417 tty->print(" @ bci %d ", bci);
418 tty->print_cr("sp = " PTR_FORMAT, iframe()->sp());
419 }
420 #endif // PRODUCT
421
422 // The expression stack and locals are in the resource area don't leave
423 // a dangling pointer in the vframeArray we leave around for debug
424 // purposes
425
426 _locals = _expressions = NULL;
427
428 }
429
430 int vframeArrayElement::on_stack_size(int callee_parameters,
431 int callee_locals,
432 bool is_top_frame,
433 int popframe_extra_stack_expression_els) const {
434 assert(method()->max_locals() == locals()->size(), "just checking");
435 int locks = monitors() == NULL ? 0 : monitors()->number_of_monitors();
436 int temps = expressions()->size();
437 return Interpreter::size_activation(method()->max_stack(),
438 temps + callee_parameters,
439 popframe_extra_stack_expression_els,
440 locks,
441 callee_parameters,
442 callee_locals,
443 is_top_frame);
444 }
445
446
447
448 vframeArray* vframeArray::allocate(JavaThread* thread, int frame_size, GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk,
449 RegisterMap *reg_map, frame sender, frame caller, frame self,
450 bool realloc_failures) {
451
452 // Allocate the vframeArray
453 vframeArray * result = (vframeArray*) AllocateHeap(sizeof(vframeArray) + // fixed part
454 sizeof(vframeArrayElement) * (chunk->length() - 1), // variable part
455 mtCompiler);
456 result->_frames = chunk->length();
457 result->_owner_thread = thread;
458 result->_sender = sender;
459 result->_caller = caller;
460 result->_original = self;
461 result->set_unroll_block(NULL); // initialize it
462 result->fill_in(thread, frame_size, chunk, reg_map, realloc_failures);
463 return result;
464 }
465
466 void vframeArray::fill_in(JavaThread* thread,
467 int frame_size,
468 GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk,
469 const RegisterMap *reg_map,
470 bool realloc_failures) {
471 // Set owner first, it is used when adding monitor chunks
472
473 _frame_size = frame_size;
474 for(int i = 0; i < chunk->length(); i++) {
475 element(i)->fill_in(chunk->at(i), realloc_failures);
476 }
477
478 // Copy registers for callee-saved registers
479 if (reg_map != NULL) {
480 for(int i = 0; i < RegisterMap::reg_count; i++) {
481 #ifdef AMD64
482 // The register map has one entry for every int (32-bit value), so
483 // 64-bit physical registers have two entries in the map, one for
484 // each half. Ignore the high halves of 64-bit registers, just like
485 // frame::oopmapreg_to_location does.
486 //
487 // [phh] FIXME: this is a temporary hack! This code *should* work
488 // correctly w/o this hack, possibly by changing RegisterMap::pd_location
489 // in frame_amd64.cpp and the values of the phantom high half registers
490 // in amd64.ad.
491 // if (VMReg::Name(i) < SharedInfo::stack0 && is_even(i)) {
492 intptr_t* src = (intptr_t*) reg_map->location(VMRegImpl::as_VMReg(i));
493 _callee_registers[i] = src != NULL ? *src : NULL_WORD;
494 // } else {
495 // jint* src = (jint*) reg_map->location(VMReg::Name(i));
496 // _callee_registers[i] = src != NULL ? *src : NULL_WORD;
497 // }
498 #else
499 jint* src = (jint*) reg_map->location(VMRegImpl::as_VMReg(i));
500 _callee_registers[i] = src != NULL ? *src : NULL_WORD;
501 #endif
502 if (src == NULL) {
503 set_location_valid(i, false);
504 } else {
505 set_location_valid(i, true);
506 jint* dst = (jint*) register_location(i);
507 *dst = *src;
508 }
509 }
510 }
511 }
512
513 void vframeArray::unpack_to_stack(frame &unpack_frame, int exec_mode, int caller_actual_parameters) {
514 // stack picture
515 // unpack_frame
516 // [new interpreter frames ] (frames are skeletal but walkable)
517 // caller_frame
518 //
519 // This routine fills in the missing data for the skeletal interpreter frames
520 // in the above picture.
521
522 // Find the skeletal interpreter frames to unpack into
523 JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
524 RegisterMap map(THREAD, false);
525 // Get the youngest frame we will unpack (last to be unpacked)
526 frame me = unpack_frame.sender(&map);
527 int index;
528 for (index = 0; index < frames(); index++ ) {
529 *element(index)->iframe() = me;
530 // Get the caller frame (possibly skeletal)
531 me = me.sender(&map);
532 }
533
534 // Do the unpacking of interpreter frames; the frame at index 0 represents the top activation, so it has no callee
535 // Unpack the frames from the oldest (frames() -1) to the youngest (0)
536 frame* caller_frame = &me;
537 for (index = frames() - 1; index >= 0 ; index--) {
538 vframeArrayElement* elem = element(index); // caller
539 int callee_parameters, callee_locals;
540 if (index == 0) {
541 callee_parameters = callee_locals = 0;
542 } else {
543 methodHandle caller = elem->method();
544 methodHandle callee = element(index - 1)->method();
545 Bytecode_invoke inv(caller, elem->bci());
546 // invokedynamic instructions don't have a class but obviously don't have a MemberName appendix.
547 // NOTE: Use machinery here that avoids resolving of any kind.
548 const bool has_member_arg =
549 !inv.is_invokedynamic() && MethodHandles::has_member_arg(inv.klass(), inv.name());
550 callee_parameters = callee->size_of_parameters() + (has_member_arg ? 1 : 0);
551 callee_locals = callee->max_locals();
552 }
553 elem->unpack_on_stack(caller_actual_parameters,
554 callee_parameters,
555 callee_locals,
556 caller_frame,
557 index == 0,
558 index == frames() - 1,
559 exec_mode);
560 if (index == frames() - 1) {
561 Deoptimization::unwind_callee_save_values(elem->iframe(), this);
562 }
563 caller_frame = elem->iframe();
564 caller_actual_parameters = callee_parameters;
565 }
566 deallocate_monitor_chunks();
567 }
568
569 void vframeArray::deallocate_monitor_chunks() {
570 JavaThread* jt = JavaThread::current();
571 for (int index = 0; index < frames(); index++ ) {
572 element(index)->free_monitors(jt);
573 }
574 }
575
576 #ifndef PRODUCT
577
578 bool vframeArray::structural_compare(JavaThread* thread, GrowableArray<compiledVFrame*>* chunk) {
579 if (owner_thread() != thread) return false;
580 int index = 0;
581 #if 0 // FIXME can't do this comparison
582
583 // Compare only within vframe array.
584 for (deoptimizedVFrame* vf = deoptimizedVFrame::cast(vframe_at(first_index())); vf; vf = vf->deoptimized_sender_or_null()) {
585 if (index >= chunk->length() || !vf->structural_compare(chunk->at(index))) return false;
586 index++;
587 }
588 if (index != chunk->length()) return false;
589 #endif
590
591 return true;
592 }
593
594 #endif
595
596 address vframeArray::register_location(int i) const {
597 assert(0 <= i && i < RegisterMap::reg_count, "index out of bounds");
598 return (address) & _callee_registers[i];
599 }
600
601
602 #ifndef PRODUCT
603
604 // Printing
605
606 // Note: we cannot have print_on as const, as we allocate inside the method
607 void vframeArray::print_on_2(outputStream* st) {
608 st->print_cr(" - sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT, sp());
609 st->print(" - thread: ");
610 Thread::current()->print();
611 st->print_cr(" - frame size: %d", frame_size());
612 for (int index = 0; index < frames() ; index++ ) {
613 element(index)->print(st);
614 }
615 }
616
617 void vframeArrayElement::print(outputStream* st) {
618 st->print_cr(" - interpreter_frame -> sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT, iframe()->sp());
619 }
620
621 void vframeArray::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
622 st->print_cr("vframeArray [%d] ", frames());
623 }
624
625
626 #endif