1 #
2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
3 #
4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
9 #
10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
25
26 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
27 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
28
29 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
30
31 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
32 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
33 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
34 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
35
36 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
37 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
38 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
39
40 ###############################################################################
41
42 # United States
43
44 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
45 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
46 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
47 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
48 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
49 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
50 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
51 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
52
53 # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
54 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
55 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
56 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
57 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
58 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
59 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
60 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
61 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
62 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
63 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
64 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18. That Sunday
65 # was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon
66 # twice. Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:
67 #
68 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
69 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
70 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
71 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
72 # abandoned, probably forever.
73 #
74 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
75 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
76 # https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
77
78 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
79 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
80 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
81
82 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
83 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
84 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
85 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
86 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
87 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
88
89 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
90 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
91 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
92 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
93 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
94 #
95 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
96 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
97 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
98 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
99 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
100 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
101 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
102 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
103 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
104 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
105 #
106 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
107 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
108 #
109 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
110 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
111 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
112 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
113 #
114 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
115 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
116 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
117 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
118
119 # From Arthur David Olson:
120 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
121 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
122 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
123
124 # From Arthur David Olson:
125 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
126 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
127
128 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
129 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
130 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
131 # An AltaVista search turned up:
132 # https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
133 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
134 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
135 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
136 #
137 # From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
138 # This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
139
140 # From Joseph Gallant citing
141 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
142 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
143 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
144 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
145 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
146 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
147 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
148 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
149
150 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
151 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
152 #
153 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
154 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
155 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
156 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
157 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
158 # importance."
159 #
160 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
161 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
162 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
163 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
164 #
165 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
166
167 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
168 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
169 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
170 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
171 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
172
173 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
174 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
175 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
176 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
177 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
178 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
179 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
180 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
181 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
182 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
183 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
184 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
185 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
186 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
187
188 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
189 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
190 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
191 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
192 # this time zone package.
193 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
194 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
195 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
196 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
197 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
198
199 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
200 Zone EST -5:00 - EST
201 Zone MST -7:00 - MST
202 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
203 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
204 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
205 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
206 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
207
208 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
209 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
210 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
211 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
212 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
213 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
214 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
215 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
216 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
217 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
218 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
219 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
220 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
221 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
222 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
223
224 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
225 # The above dates are for 1988.
226 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
227 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
228 # Aleutians.
229
230 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
231 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
232 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
233 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
234 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
235 # (none)
236 # United States standard eastern time
237 # United States standard mountain time
238 # United States standard central time
239 # United States standard Pacific time
240 # (none)
241 # United States standard Alaska time
242 # (none)
243 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
244 # public law 98-181):
245 # Atlantic standard time
246 # eastern standard time
247 # central standard time
248 # mountain standard time
249 # Pacific standard time
250 # Yukon standard time
251 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
252 # Bering standard time
253 # And after 1983-11-30:
254 # Atlantic standard time
255 # eastern standard time
256 # central standard time
257 # mountain standard time
258 # Pacific standard time
259 # Alaska standard time
260 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
261 # Samoa standard time
262 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
263 #
264 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
265 # Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
266 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
267 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
268 # Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
269 # Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
270 # and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
271 # as codified in 1966. In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
272 # before 1968. Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
273 # 1918 names 1967 names
274 # -08 Standard Pacific Time (PST) Pacific standard time (PST)
275 # -09 (unofficial) Yukon (YST) Yukon standard time (YST)
276 # -10 Standard Alaska Time (AST) Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
277 # -11 (unofficial) Nome (NST) Bering standard time (BST)
278 #
279 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
280 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
281 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
282 #
283 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
284 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
285 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
286 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
287 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
288
289 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
290 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
291 #
292 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
293 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
294 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
295 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
296 # Sunday of March"; and
297 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
298 # Sunday of November'.
299 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
300 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
301 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
302 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
303 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
304 # States.
305 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
306 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
307 # Department study is complete.
308
309 # US eastern time, represented by New York
310
311 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
312 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
313 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
314 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
315 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
316 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
317
318 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
319 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
320 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
321 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
322 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
323 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
324
325 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
326 # According to today's Huntsville Times
327 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
328 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
329 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
330 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
331 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
332 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
333 # in Columbus."
334 #
335 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
336 # Four cities are involved. The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
337 # and Valley. Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
338 # because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
339 # corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
340 # time even after the mills closed. See: Kazek K. Did you know which
341 # Alabama towns are in a different time zone? al.com 2017-02-06.
342 # http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
343
344 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
345 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
346 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
347 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
348 # nearest second.
349
350 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
351 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
352 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
353 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
354 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
355 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
356 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
357 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
358 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
359 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
360 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
361 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
362 -5:00 US E%sT
363
364 # US central time, represented by Chicago
365
366 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
367 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
368 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
369 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
370 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
371 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
372 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
373 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
374
375 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
376 # In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
377 # time. Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
378 # Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
379 # which then sent signals to police and fire stations. However, railroads got
380 # their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
381 # the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
382 # other or with the city's official time. The confusion took some years to
383 # clear up. See:
384 # Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
385 # http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
386
387 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
388 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
389 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
390 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
391 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
392 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
393 #
394 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
395 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
396 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
397 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
398
399 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
400 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
401 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
402 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
403 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
404 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
405 #
406 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
407 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
408
409 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
410 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
411 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
412 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
413 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
414 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
415 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
416 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
417 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
418 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
419 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
420 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
421 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
422 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
423 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
424 -6:00 US C%sT
425 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
426 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
427 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
428 -6:00 US C%sT
429 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
430 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
431 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
432 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
433 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
434 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
435 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
436 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
437 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
438 -6:00 US C%sT
439
440 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
441 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
442 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
443 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
444 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
445 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
446
447 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
448 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
449 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
450 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
451 # at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
452
453 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
454 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
455 -6:00 US C%sT
456
457 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
458 #
459 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
460 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
461 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
462 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
463 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
464 #
465 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25):
466 # On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone.
467 # However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe
468 # mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done
469 # and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do.
470 # Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on
471 # 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing. Although
472 # that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a
473 # separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway. See:
474 # Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone.
475 # El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06.
476 # https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/
477 #
478 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
479 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
480 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
481 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
482 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
483 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
484 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
485 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
486 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
487 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
488 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
489 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
490 -7:00 US M%sT
491
492 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
493 #
494 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
495 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
496 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
497 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of
498 # Malheur county), and Washington
499
500 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
501 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
502 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
503 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
504 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
505 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
506 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
507 # 1973-11. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
508 #
509 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
510 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
511 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
512 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
513 #
514 # In response:
515 #
516 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
517 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
518 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
519 # -- Ross, p 25
520 #
521 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
522 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
523 #
524 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
525 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
526 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
527 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
528 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
529 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
530 #
531 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
532 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
533 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
534 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
535 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
536 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
537 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
538 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
539 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
540 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
541 -8:00 US P%sT
542
543 # Alaska
544 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
545 #
546 # From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
547 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
548 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
549 # On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
550 # Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
551 # formal transfer. See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
552 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
553 # Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
554 # and so celebrated two Sundays that week. See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
555 # From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
556 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
557 # Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
558 # from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
559 #
560 # As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
561 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
562 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
563 # destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) Many of Alaska's inhabitants
564 # were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
565 # time change. However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
566 # Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
567 # The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
568 # salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
569 # all of Alaska. Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
570 # local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
571
572 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
573 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
574 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
575 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
576 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
577 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
578 #
579 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
580 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
581 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
582 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
583
584 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
585 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
586 #
587 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
588 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
589 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
590 # Pacific Time.
591 #
592 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
593 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
594 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
595 #
596 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
597 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
598 #
599 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
600 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
601 #
602 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
603 # Nation.)
604
605 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
606 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
607 # Community office (using contact information available at
608 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
609 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
610 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
611 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
612 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
613 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
614
615 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
616 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
617 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
618
619 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
620 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
621 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
622 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
623 # https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
624
625 # From Ryan Stanley (2018-11-06):
626 # The Metlakatla community in Alaska has decided not to change its
627 # clock back an hour starting on November 4th, 2018 (day before yesterday).
628 # They will be gmtoff=-28800 year-round.
629 # https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/pb.141055983004923.-2207520000.1541465673./569081370202380/
630
631 # From Paul Eggert (2018-12-16):
632 # In a 2018-12-11 special election, Metlakatla voted to go back to
633 # Alaska time (including daylight saving time) starting next year.
634 # https://www.krbd.org/2018/12/12/metlakatla-to-follow-alaska-standard-time-allow-liquor-sales/
635 #
636 # From Ryan Stanley (2019-01-11):
637 # The community will be changing back on the 20th of this month...
638 # From Tim Parenti (2019-01-11):
639 # Per an announcement on the Metlakatla community's official Facebook page, the
640 # "fall back" will be on Sunday 2019-01-20 at 02:00:
641 # https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/607150969728753/
642 # So they won't be waiting for Alaska to join them on 2019-03-10, but will
643 # rather change their clocks twice in seven weeks.
644
645 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
646 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
647 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
648 -8:00 - PST 1942
649 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
650 -8:00 - PST 1969
651 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
652 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
653 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
654 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
655 -9:00 US AK%sT
656 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:30
657 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
658 -8:00 - PST 1942
659 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
660 -8:00 - PST 1969
661 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
662 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
663 -9:00 US AK%sT
664 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
665 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
666 -8:00 - PST 1942
667 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
668 -8:00 - PST 1969
669 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
670 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
671 -9:00 US AK%sT 2018 Nov 4 2:00
672 -8:00 - PST 2019 Jan 20 2:00
673 -9:00 US AK%sT
674 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
675 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
676 -9:00 - YST 1942
677 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
678 -9:00 - YST 1969
679 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
680 -9:00 US AK%sT
681 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
682 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
683 -10:00 - AST 1942
684 -10:00 US A%sT 1967 Apr
685 -10:00 - AHST 1969
686 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
687 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
688 -9:00 US AK%sT
689 Zone America/Nome 12:58:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
690 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
691 -11:00 - NST 1942
692 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
693 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
694 -11:00 - BST 1969
695 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
696 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
697 -9:00 US AK%sT
698 Zone America/Adak 12:13:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
699 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
700 -11:00 - NST 1942
701 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
702 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
703 -11:00 - BST 1969
704 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
705 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
706 -10:00 US H%sT
707 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
708 #
709 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
710 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
711 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
712 #
713 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
714 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
715 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
716 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
717 # possibly until 1983:
718 #
719 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
720 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
721 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
722 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
723 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
724 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
725 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
726 # three votes for and one against."
727
728 # Hawaii
729
730 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
731 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
732 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
733 # the article is available at
734 # https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
735 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
736 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
737 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
738 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
739 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
740 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
741 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
742 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
743 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
744 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
745 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
746
747 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
748 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
749 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
750 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
751 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
752 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
753 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
754 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
755 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
756 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
757 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
758 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
759 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
760 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
761 #
762 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
763 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
764
765 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
766 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
767 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
768 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
769 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
770 -10:00 - HST
771
772 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
773
774 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
775
776 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
777 #
778 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
779 # Daylight Saving Time web page
780 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
781 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
782 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
783 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
784 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
785 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
786 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
787 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
788 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
789 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
790 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
791 #
792 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
793 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
794
795 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
796 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
797 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
798 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
799 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
800 -7:00 - MST 1967
801 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
802 -7:00 - MST
803 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
804 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
805 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
806 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
807 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
808 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
809 #
810 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
811 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
812
813 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
814 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
815 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
816 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
817 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
818 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
819 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
820 #
821 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
822 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
823 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
824 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
825 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
826 -7:00 US M%sT
827
828 # Indiana
829 #
830 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
831 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
832 #
833 # From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):
834 # A brief but entertaining history of time in Indiana describes a 1949 debate
835 # in the Indiana House where city legislators (who favored "fast time")
836 # tussled with farm legislators (who didn't) over a bill to outlaw DST:
837 # "Lacking enough votes, the city faction tries to filibuster until time runs
838 # out on the session at midnight, but rural champion Rep. Herbert Copeland,
839 # R-Madison, leans over the gallery railing and forces the official clock
840 # back to 9 p.m., breaking it in the process. The clock sticks on 9 as the
841 # debate rages on into the night. The filibuster finally dies out and the
842 # bill passes, while outside the chamber, clocks read 3:30 a.m. In the end,
843 # it doesn't matter which side won. The law has no enforcement powers and
844 # is simply ignored by fast-time communities."
845 # How Indiana went from 'God's time' to split zones and daylight-saving.
846 # Indianapolis Star. 2018-11-27 14:58 -05.
847 # https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/27/indianapolis-indiana-time-zone-history-central-eastern-daylight-savings-time/2126300002/
848 #
849 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
850 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
851 # with the following exceptions:
852 #
853 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
854 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
855 #
856 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
857 #
858 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
859 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
860 #
861 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
862 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
863 #
864 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
865 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
866 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
867 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
868 #
869 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
870 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
871 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
872
873 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
874 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
875 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
876 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
877 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
878 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
879 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
880 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
881 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
882 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
883
884 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
885 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
886 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
887 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
888
889 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
890 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
891 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
892 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
893 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
894 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
895 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
896 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
897 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
898 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
899 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
900 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
901 -5:00 - EST 1969
902 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
903 -5:00 - EST 2006
904 -5:00 US E%sT
905 #
906 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
907 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
908 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
909 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
910 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
911 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
912 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
914 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
915 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
916 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
917 -5:00 - EST 1969
918 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
919 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
920 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
921 -5:00 - EST 2006
922 -5:00 US E%sT
923 #
924 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
925 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
926 # in November 2007.
927 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
928 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
929 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
930 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
931 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
932 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
933 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
934 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
935 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
936 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
937 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
938 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
939 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
940 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
941 -5:00 - EST 1969
942 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
943 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
944 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
945 -5:00 US E%sT
946 #
947 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
948 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
949 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
950 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
951 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
952 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
953 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
954 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
955 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
956 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
957 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
958 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
959 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
960 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
961 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
962 -5:00 - EST 1969
963 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
964 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
965 -6:00 US C%sT
966 #
967 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
968 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
969 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
970 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
971 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
972 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
973 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
974 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
975 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
976 -6:00 US C%sT 1955
977 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
978 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
979 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
980 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
981 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
982 -5:00 US E%sT
983 #
984 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
985 # then switched back in 2006.
986 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
987 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
988 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
989 # 1991-10-27.
990 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
991 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
992 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
993 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
994 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
995 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
996 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
997 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
998 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
999 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
1000 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
1001 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
1002 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
1003 -6:00 US C%sT
1004 #
1005 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
1006 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
1007 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1008 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1009 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1010 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1011 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1012 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1013 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
1014 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1015 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
1016 -5:00 - EST 1969
1017 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
1018 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
1019 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
1020 -5:00 US E%sT
1021 #
1022 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
1023 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1024 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
1025 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
1026 -5:00 - EST 1969
1027 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
1028 -5:00 - EST 2006
1029 -5:00 US E%sT
1030
1031 # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
1032 # The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at
1033 # 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill
1034 # for precisely 18 minutes. See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50). It is not
1035 # clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue
1036 # to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.
1037 #
1038 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
1039 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
1040 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1041 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1042 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
1043 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1044 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1045 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
1046 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1047 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1048 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1049 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
1050 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
1051 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
1052 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1053 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
1054 -5:00 - EST 1968
1055 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
1056 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
1057 -5:00 US E%sT
1058 #
1059 # Wayne County, Kentucky
1060 #
1061 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
1062 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
1063 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
1064 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
1065 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
1066 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
1067 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1068 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1069 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1070 # location in the Central time zone.
1071 #
1072 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1073 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1074 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1075 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
1076 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1077 #
1078 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1079 # The final rule was published in the
1080 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1081 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1082 #
1083 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
1084 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1085 -6:00 - CST 1968
1086 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1087 -5:00 US E%sT
1088
1089
1090 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1091 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1092 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1093 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1094 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1095 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1096 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1097 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1098 #
1099 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1100 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1101 # so omit that change for now.
1102 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1103 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1104 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1105 # 1999-10-31. See the
1106 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1107 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1108 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1109 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1110 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1111
1112 # Michigan
1113 #
1114 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1115 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1116 #
1117 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1118 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1119 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1120 # that Detroit kept
1121 #
1122 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1123 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1124 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1125 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1126 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1127 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1128 # by city vote.
1129 #
1130 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1131 #
1132 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1133 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1134 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1135 # info, so omit this for now.
1136 #
1137 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-26):
1138 # Although Shanks says Detroit observed DST in 1967 from 06-14 00:01
1139 # until 10-29 00:01, I now see multiple reports that this is incorrect.
1140 # For example, according to a 50-year anniversary report about the 1967
1141 # Detroit riots and a major-league doubleheader on 1967-07-23, "By the time
1142 # the last fly ball of the doubleheader settled into the glove of leftfielder
1143 # Lenny Green, it was after 7 p.m. Detroit did not observe daylight saving
1144 # time, so light was already starting to fail. Twilight was made even deeper
1145 # by billowing columns of smoke that ascended in an unbroken wall north of the
1146 # ballpark." See: Dow B. Detroit '67: As violence unfolded, Tigers played two
1147 # at home vs. Yankees. Detroit Free Press 2017-07-23.
1148 # https://www.freep.com/story/sports/mlb/tigers/2017/07/23/detroit-tigers-1967-riot-new-york-yankees/499951001/
1149 #
1150 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1151 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1152 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1153 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1154 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1155 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1156 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1157 -5:00 - EST 1942
1158 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
1159 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1160 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
1161 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1162 -5:00 US E%sT
1163 #
1164 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1165 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1166 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1167 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1168 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1169 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1170 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1171 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1172 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1173 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1174 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1175 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1176 -6:00 US C%sT
1177
1178 # Navassa
1179 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1180 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1181 # also claimed by Haiti
1182 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1183 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1184 # currently uninhabited
1185 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1186 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1187 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1188
1189 ################################################################################
1190
1191
1192 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1193 #
1194 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1195 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1196 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1197 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1198 #
1199 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1200 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1201 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1202 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1203 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1204 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1205 #
1206 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1207 #
1208 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1209 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1210 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1211 #
1212 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1213 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1214 # [PDF] (1914-03)
1215 #
1216 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1217 # <https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1218 #
1219 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1220
1221 # Canada
1222
1223 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1224 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1225 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1226 #
1227 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1228 # offset French English French English
1229 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
1230 # -3 - - HAA ADT
1231 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
1232 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1233 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1234 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1235 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1236 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1237 # -9 HNY YST - -
1238 #
1239 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1240 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1241 #
1242 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1243 # C: du Centre Central
1244 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1245 # M: Mountain
1246 # N: Newfoundland
1247 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1248 # R: des Rocheuses
1249 # T: de Terre-Neuve
1250 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
1251 #
1252 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1253 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1254
1255 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1256 # & Pottenger.
1257
1258 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1259 # 2007-03-01):
1260 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1261 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1262 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1263 # https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1264 # ...
1265 # Nova Scotia
1266 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1267 # https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1268 #
1269 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1270 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1271 # https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1272 # ...
1273 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1274 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1275 # https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1276 # ...
1277 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1278 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1279 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1280 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1281 # ...
1282 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1283 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1284 # ...
1285 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1286 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1287 # ...
1288 # Yukon
1289 # https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1290 # ...
1291 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1292 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1293 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1294 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1295 # JavaScript.
1296 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1297 # ...
1298 # Nunavut
1299 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1300 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1301
1302 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1303 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1304 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1305 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1306 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1307 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1308 #
1309 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1310 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1311 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1312 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1313
1314 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1315 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1316 # new US DST rules,
1317
1318 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1319 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1320 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1321 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1322 # The quote includes these two statements:
1323 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1324 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1325 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1326 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1327 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1328
1329 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1330 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1331 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1332
1333 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1334 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1335 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1336 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1337 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1338 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1339 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1340 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1341 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1342 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1343 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1344
1345
1346 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1347
1348 # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1349 # Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1350 # McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1351 # http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1352 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1353 # that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1354 # Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1355
1356 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1357 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1358 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1359 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1360 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1361 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1362 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1363 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1364 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1365 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1366 # Pottenger.
1367 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1368 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1369 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1370 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1371 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1372 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1373 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1374 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1375 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1376 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1377 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1378 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1379 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1380 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1381 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1382
1383 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1384 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1385 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1386 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1387 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1388 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1389 # ...
1390 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1391 # ...
1392 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1393 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1394 # Executive Council
1395 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1396
1397 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1398 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1399 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1400 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1401 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1402 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1403 #
1404 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1406 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1407 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1408 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1409 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1410 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1411 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1412 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1413 -3:30 Canada N%sT
1414
1415 # most of east Labrador
1416
1417 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1418 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1419 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1420 -3:30:52 - NST 1918
1421 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1422 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1423 -3:30 - NST 1936
1424 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1425 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1426 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1427 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1428 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1429
1430
1431 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1432
1433 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1434 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1435 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1436 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1437 # likely to be the same across the island....
1438 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1439 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1440
1441 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1442 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1443 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1444 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1445 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1446 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1447 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1448 # this is a typo.
1449
1450 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1451 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1452 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1453 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1454 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1455 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1456 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1457 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1458 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1459 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1460 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1461 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1462 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1463 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1464 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1465 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1466 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1467 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1468 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1469 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1470 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1471 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1472 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1473 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1474 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1475 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1476 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1477 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1478 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1479 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1480 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1481 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1482 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1483 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1484 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1485 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1486 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1487 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1488 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1489 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1490 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1491 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1492 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1493 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1494 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1495 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1496 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1497 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1498 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1499 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1500 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1501 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1502 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1503 -4:00 - AST 1972
1504 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1505 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1506
1507 # New Brunswick
1508
1509 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1510 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1511 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1512 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1513 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1514 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1515
1516 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1517 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1518 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1519 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1520 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1521 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1522 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1523 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1524 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1525 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1526 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1527 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1528 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1529 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1530 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1531 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1532 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1533 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1534 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1535 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1536 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1537 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1538 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1539 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1540
1541 # Quebec
1542
1543 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1544 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1545 #
1546 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1547 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1548 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1549 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1550 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1551 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1552 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1553 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1554 # https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1555 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1556 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1557 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1558
1559 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1560 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1561 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1562 -4:00 - AST
1563
1564 # Ontario
1565
1566 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1567 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1568 # Toronto.
1569 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1570 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1571 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1572 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1573
1574 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1575 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1576 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1577 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1578 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1579 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1580 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1581 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1582 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1583 # earlier in June).
1584 #
1585 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1586 #
1587 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1588 # For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1589 # time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1590 # https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1591
1592 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1593 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1594 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1595 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1596 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1597 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1598 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1599 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1600 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1601 #
1602 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1603 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1604 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1605 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1606 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1607 #
1608 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1609 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1610 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1611 #
1612 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1613 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1614 # the other half on eastern time.
1615 #
1616 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1617 #
1618 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1619 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1620 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1621 #
1622 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1623 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1624
1625 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1626 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1627 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1628 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1629 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1630
1631 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1632 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1633 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1634 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1635 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1636 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1637 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1638 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1639
1640 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1641 #
1642 # Currently the database has:
1643 #
1644 # # Ontario
1645 #
1646 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1647 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1648 # # Toronto.
1649 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1650 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1651 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1652 #
1653 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1654 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1655 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1656 #
1657 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1658 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1659 #
1660 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1661 #
1662 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1663 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1664 #
1665 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1666 #
1667 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1668 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1669
1670 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1671 #
1672 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1673 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1674 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1675 # was available at
1676 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1677 #
1678 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1679 #
1680 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1681 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1682 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1683 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1684 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1685 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1686 #
1687 # Province Daylight saving time used
1688 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1689 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1690 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1691 # Quebec In the following places:
1692 # Montreal Lachine
1693 # Quebec Mont-Royal
1694 # Lévis Iberville
1695 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1696 # Verdun Loretteville
1697 # Westmount Richmond
1698 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1699 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1700 # Arvida Waterloo
1701 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1702 # Melbourne La Tuque
1703 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1704 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1705 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1706 # used in the northwesterly part.
1707 # Manitoba Not used.
1708 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1709 # Alberta Not used.
1710 # British Columbia Not used.
1711 #
1712 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1713 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1714
1715 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1716 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1717 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1718 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1719 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1720 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1721 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1722 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1723 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1724 # was meant.
1725 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1726 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1727 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1728 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1729 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1730 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1731 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1732 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1733 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1734 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1735 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1736 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1737 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1738 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1739 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1740 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1741 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1742 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1743 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1744 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1745 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1746 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1747 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1748 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1749 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1750 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1751 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1752 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1753
1754 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1755 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1756 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1757 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1758 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1759
1760 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1761 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1762 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1763 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1764 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1765 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1766 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1767 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1768 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1769 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1770 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1771
1772 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1773 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1774 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1775 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1776 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1777 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1778 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1779 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1780 -6:00 - CST 1910
1781 -5:00 - EST 1942
1782 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1783 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1784 -5:00 - EST 1974
1785 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1786 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1787 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1788 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1789 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1790 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1791 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1792 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1793 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1794 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1795 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1796 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1797 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1798 -5:00 - EST
1799
1800
1801 # Manitoba
1802
1803 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1804 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1805 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1806 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1807 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1808 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1809 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1810 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1811 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1812 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1813 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1814 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1815 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1816
1817 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1818 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1819 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1820 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1821
1822 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1823 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1824 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1825 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1826 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1827 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1828 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1829 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1830 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1831 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1832 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1833 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1834 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1835 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1836 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1837 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1838 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1839 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1840 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1841 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1842 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1843 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1844 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1845 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1846 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1847 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1848 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1849 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1850 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1851
1852
1853 # Saskatchewan
1854
1855 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1856 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1857 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1858 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1859 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1860 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1861 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1862 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1863 # time was noted.
1864
1865 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1866 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1867 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1868
1869 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1870 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1871 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1872 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1873 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1874 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1875
1876 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1877 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1878 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1879 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1880 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1881 #
1882 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1883 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1884 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1885 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1886 #
1887 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1888 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1889 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1890 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1891 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1892 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1893 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1894 #
1895 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1896 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1897 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1898 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1899 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1900 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1901
1902 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1903 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1904 # long and rather painful to read.
1905 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1906
1907 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1908 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1909 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1910 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1911 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1912 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1913 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1914 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1915 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1916 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1917 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1918 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1919 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1920 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1921 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1922 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1923 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1924 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1925 #
1926 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1927 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1928 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1929 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1930 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1931 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1932 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1933 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1934 -6:00 - CST
1935 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1936 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1937 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1938 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1939 -6:00 - CST
1940
1941
1942 # Alberta
1943
1944 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1945 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1946 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1947 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1948 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1949 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1950 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1951 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1952 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1953 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1954 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1955 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1956 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1957 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1958 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1959 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1960 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1961 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1962 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1963 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1964 -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
1965 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1966
1967
1968 # British Columbia
1969
1970 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1971 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1972 # been like Vancouver.
1973 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1974 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1975
1976 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1977
1978 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1979 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1980 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1981 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1982 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1983 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1984
1985 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1986 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1987 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1988 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1989 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1990 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
1991 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1992
1993 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1994 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1995 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1996 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1997 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1998 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1999 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
2000
2001 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
2002 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
2003 # Exact date unknown
2004 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
2005 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
2006 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
2007 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
2008 # note 1:
2009 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
2010 # Creston did not change its clocks.
2011 # note 2:
2012 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
2013 # Creston did not oblige.
2014 # note 3:
2015 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
2016 # (UTC-7) forever.
2017 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
2018 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
2019
2020 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
2021 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
2022 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
2023 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
2024 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
2025 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
2026
2027 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
2028
2029 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
2030 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
2031 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
2032 # America/Dawson_Creek.
2033 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
2034 #
2035 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
2036 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
2037 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
2038 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
2039 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
2040 # 2015-03-08.
2041 #
2042 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
2043 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
2044
2045 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2046 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2047 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2048 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2049 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2050 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2051 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2052 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
2053 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2054 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2055 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2056 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
2057 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
2058 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2059 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
2060 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
2061 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
2062 -7:00 - MST
2063 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
2064 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
2065 -8:00 - PST 1947
2066 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
2067 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
2068 -7:00 - MST
2069 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
2070 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
2071 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
2072 -7:00 - MST
2073
2074 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
2075
2076 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2077 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2078 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2079 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2080 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2081 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2082 # [https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2083 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2084 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2085 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2086
2087 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2088 #
2089 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2090 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2091 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
2092 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2093 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2094 #
2095 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2096 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
2097 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2098 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2099 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2100 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2101 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2102 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2103 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2104 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2105 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2106 #
2107 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2108 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2109 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2110 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2111 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2112 # thirty-fifth meridian.
2113 #
2114 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2115 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2116 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2117 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2118 #
2119 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2120 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2121 #
2122 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2123 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2124 #
2125 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2126 # http://? - no online source found
2127 #
2128 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2129 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2130 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2131 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2132 #
2133 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2134 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2135 #
2136 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2137 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2138 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2139 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2140 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2141 #
2142 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2143 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2144 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2145 #
2146 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2147 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2148 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2149 #
2150 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2151 # revoked.
2152 #
2153 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2154 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2155 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2156 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2157 #
2158 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2159 # http://? - no online source found
2160 #
2161 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2162 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2163 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2164 #
2165 # In every year between
2166 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2167 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2168 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2169 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2170 # ...
2171 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2172 #
2173 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2174 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2175 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2176 #
2177 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2178 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2179 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2180 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2181 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2182 #
2183 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2184 #
2185 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2186 #
2187 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2188 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2189
2190 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2191 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2192 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2193 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2194 #
2195 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2196 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2197 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2198
2199 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2200 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2201 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2202 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2203 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2204 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2205
2206 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2207 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2208 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2209 #
2210 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2211 #
2212 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2213 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2214 #
2215 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2216 #
2217 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2218 #
2219 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2220 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2221 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2222 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2223 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2224 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2225 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2226 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2227 # the current state of affairs.
2228
2229 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2230 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2231 # http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2232 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2233 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2234 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2235 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2236
2237 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2238 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2239 # for these potential new Zones.
2240 #
2241 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2242 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2243 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2244 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2245 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2246 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2247 # required to use daylight savings.
2248
2249 # From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2250 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2251 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2252 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2253 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2254 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2255 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2256 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2257 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2258 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2259 # unified time zone in 1999.
2260 #
2261 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2262 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2263
2264 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2265 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2266
2267 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2268 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2269 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2270 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2271 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2272 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2273 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2274 # more.
2275 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2276
2277 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2278 # According to ...
2279 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2280 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2281 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2282 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2283 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2284 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2285 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2286 #
2287 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2288 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2289 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2290 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2291 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2292
2293 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2294 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2295 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2296 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2297 # daylight saving....
2298 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2299
2300 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2301 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2302 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2303 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2304 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2305 #
2306 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2307 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2308 #
2309 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2310 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2311 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2312 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2313 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2314 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2315 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2316 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2317 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2318 #
2319 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2320 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2321 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2322 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2323 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2324 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2325 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2326 #
2327 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2328 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2329 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2330 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2331 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2332 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2333 #
2334 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2335 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2336 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2337 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2338 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2339 # Aziz:
2340 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2341 #
2342 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2343 # Eastern Standard Time.
2344 #
2345 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2346 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2347 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2348 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2349 #
2350 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2351 #
2352 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2353 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2354 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2355 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2356 #
2357 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2358 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2359 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2360 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2361
2362 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2363 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2364 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2365 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2366 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2367 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2368 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2369 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2370 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2371 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2372 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2373 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2374 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2375 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2376 # aka Panniqtuuq
2377 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2378 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2379 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2380 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2381 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2382 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2383 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2384 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2385 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2386 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2387 # aka Qausuittuq
2388 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2389 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2390 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2391 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2392 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2393 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2394 # aka Kangiqiniq
2395 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2396 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2397 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2398 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2399 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2400 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2401 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2402 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2403 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2404 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2405 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2406 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2407 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2408 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2409 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2410 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2411 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2412 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2413 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2414 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2415 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2416 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2417 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2418 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2419 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2420 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2421
2422
2423 ###############################################################################
2424
2425 # Mexico
2426
2427 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2428 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2429 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2430 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2431 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2432 #
2433 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2434 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2435 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2436 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2437 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2438 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2439
2440 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2441 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2442 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2443 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2444 # the relevant documents.
2445
2446 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2447 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2448 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2449 #
2450 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2451 #
2452 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2453 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2454 #
2455 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2456 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2457 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2458 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2459 #
2460 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2461 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2462 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
2463 # BajaSur: GMT+6
2464 # General: GMT+5
2465 #
2466 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2467 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
2468 # BajaSur: GMT+7
2469 # General: GMT+6
2470 #
2471 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2472 #
2473 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2474 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2475 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2476 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2477 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2478
2479 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2480 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2481 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2482
2483 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2484 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2485 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2486 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2487 # Arizona year round.
2488
2489 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2490 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2491 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2492 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2493 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2494 # whole year.
2495
2496 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2497 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2498 # (translated):...
2499 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2500 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2501 # this year....
2502 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2503 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2504 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2505
2506 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2507 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2508 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2509 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2510 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2511 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2512 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2513 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2514
2515 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2516 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2517 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2518 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2519
2520 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2521 #
2522 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2523 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2524 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2525 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2526 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2527 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2528 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2529 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2530 #
2531 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2532
2533 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2534 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2535 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2536 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2537 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2538 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2539 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2540 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2541 # September 30, 2001.
2542 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2543 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2544
2545 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2546 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2547 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2548 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2549 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2550 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2551 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2552 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2553
2554 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2555 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2556 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2557 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2558 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2559
2560 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2561 #
2562 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2563 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2564 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2565 # > the United States.
2566 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2567 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2568 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2569 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2570 # (Spanish)
2571 #
2572 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2573 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2574 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2575 #
2576 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2577 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2578 #
2579 # Our page:
2580 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2581
2582 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2583 # The page
2584 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2585 # includes this text:
2586 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2587 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2588 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2589 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2590 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2591 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2592 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2593 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2594 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2595 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2596 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2597 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2598 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2599
2600 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2601 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2602 #
2603 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2604 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2605 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2606 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2607 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2608 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2609 #
2610 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2611 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2612 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2613 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2614 # time..."
2615 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2616 #
2617 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2618 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2619 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2620 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2621 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2622 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2623 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2624 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2625 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2626 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2627 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2628 # state of Baja California.
2629 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2630 # of Quintana Roo.
2631 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2632 # longitude they are located at.
2633
2634 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2635 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2636 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2637 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2638 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2639 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2640 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2641 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2642 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2643 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2644 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2645 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2646 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2647 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2648 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2649 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2650 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2651 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2652 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2653 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2654 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2655 -5:00 - EST
2656 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2657 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2658 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2659 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2660 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2661 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2662 # This includes the following municipalities:
2663 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2664 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2665 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2666 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2667 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2668 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2669 # 2016-03-12
2670 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2671 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2672 -6:00 - CST 1988
2673 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2674 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2675 -6:00 US C%sT
2676 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2677 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2678 -6:00 - CST 1988
2679 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2680 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2681 # Central Mexico
2682 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2683 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2684 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2685 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2686 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2687 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2688 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2689 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2690 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2691 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2692 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2693 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2694 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2695 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2696 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2697 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2698 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2699 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2700 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2701 -6:00 - CST 1996
2702 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2703 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2704 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2705 -7:00 US M%sT
2706 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2707 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2708 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2709 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2710 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2711 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2712 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2713 -6:00 - CST 1996
2714 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2715 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2716 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2717 # Sonora
2718 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2719 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2720 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2721 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2722 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2723 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2724 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2725 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2726 -8:00 - PST 1970
2727 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2728 -7:00 - MST
2729
2730 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2731 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2732 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2733 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2734 #
2735 # (Spanish)
2736 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2737 # país, a partir de este domingo
2738 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2739 #
2740 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2741 # País
2742 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2743 #
2744 # (English)
2745 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2746 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2747 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2748 #
2749 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2750 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2751 # zone ..."
2752 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2753
2754 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2755 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2756
2757 # Mazatlán
2758 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2759 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2760 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2761 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2762 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2763 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2764 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2765 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2766 -8:00 - PST 1970
2767 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2768
2769 # Bahía de Banderas
2770 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2771 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2772 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2773 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2774 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2775 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2776 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2777 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2778 -8:00 - PST 1970
2779 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2780 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2781
2782 # Baja California
2783 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2784 -7:00 - MST 1924
2785 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2786 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2787 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2788 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2789 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2790 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2791 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2792 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2793 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2794 -8:00 - PST 1954
2795 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
2796 -8:00 - PST 1976
2797 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
2798 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2799 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2800 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2801 -8:00 US P%sT
2802 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2803 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2804 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2805 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2806 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2807 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2808 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2809 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2810 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2811 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2812 # name or contents should be.
2813 #
2814 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2815 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2816 # have come from a misreading of
2817 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2818 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2819 #
2820 #
2821 # Revillagigedo Is
2822 # no information
2823
2824 ###############################################################################
2825
2826 # Anguilla
2827 # Antigua and Barbuda
2828 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2829
2830 # Bahamas
2831 #
2832 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2833 #
2834 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2835 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2836 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2837 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2838
2839 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2840 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2841 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2842 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2843 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2844 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2845 -5:00 US E%sT
2846
2847 # Barbados
2848
2849 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2850
2851 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2852 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2853 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2854 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2855 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2856 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2857 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2858 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2859 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2860 -4:00 Barb A%sT
2861
2862 # Belize
2863 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2864 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2865 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 -0530
2866 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 CST
2867 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 CDT
2868 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 CST
2869 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 CDT
2870 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 CST
2871 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2872 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2873 -6:00 Belize %s
2874
2875 # Bermuda
2876
2877 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2878 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2879
2880 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2881
2882 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2883 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2884 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2885 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2886 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2887
2888 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2889 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2890 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2891 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2892 -4:00 US A%sT
2893
2894 # Cayman Is
2895 # See America/Panama.
2896
2897 # Costa Rica
2898
2899 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2900
2901 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2902 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2903 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2904 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2905 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2906 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2907 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2908 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2909 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2910 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2911 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2912 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2913 -6:00 CR C%sT
2914 # Coco
2915 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2916
2917 # Cuba
2918
2919 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2920 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2921 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2922 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2923
2924 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2925 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2926 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2927 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2928 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2929 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2930 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2931 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2932 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2933 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2934
2935 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2936 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2937 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2938 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2939
2940 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2941 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2942 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2943 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2944 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2945 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2946 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2947 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2948
2949 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2950 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2951 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2952 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2953
2954 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2955 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2956 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2957 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2958 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2959 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2960 # to the normal schedule....
2961
2962 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2963 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2964 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2965 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2966 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2967 #
2968 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2969 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2970 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2971 #
2972 # He supplied these references:
2973 #
2974 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2975 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2976 #
2977 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2978 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2979 #
2980 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2981 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2982 #
2983 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2984
2985 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2986 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2987 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2988 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2989 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2990 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2991 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2992
2993 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2994 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2995 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2996 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2997 #
2998 # Some more background information is posted here:
2999 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
3000 #
3001 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
3002 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
3003 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
3004 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
3005 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
3006 # change some historic records as well.
3007 #
3008 # One example:
3009 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
3010
3011 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
3012 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
3013 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
3014 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
3015 #
3016 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
3017 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
3018
3019 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
3020 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
3021
3022 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
3023 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
3024 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
3025 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
3026 #
3027 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
3028 # (in Spanish)
3029
3030 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
3031 # I listened over the Internet to
3032 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
3033 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
3034 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
3035 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
3036
3037 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
3038 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
3039 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
3040 # changed at all).
3041 #
3042 # Source:
3043 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
3044 #
3045 # Our info:
3046 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
3047 #
3048 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
3049 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
3050 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
3051 #
3052 # One source (Spanish)
3053 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
3054 #
3055 # Our page:
3056 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
3057 #
3058 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
3059 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
3060 # 31 and April 1.
3061 #
3062 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
3063 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
3064 #
3065 # Our info on it:
3066 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
3067
3068 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3069 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3070 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3071 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3072 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3073 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3074
3075 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3076 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
3077 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
3078 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3079 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3080 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3081 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3082 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
3083 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
3084 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
3085 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
3086 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
3087 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3088 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
3089 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3090 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3091 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
3092 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3093 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
3094 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3095 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
3096 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
3097 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
3098 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3099 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
3100 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
3101 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
3102 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3103 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3104 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
3105 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3106 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3107 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3108 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3109 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3110 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3111 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
3112 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
3113 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
3114 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3115
3116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3117 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
3118 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3119 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
3120
3121 # Dominica
3122 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3123
3124 # Dominican Republic
3125
3126 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3127 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3128 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3129 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3130
3131 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3132 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3133
3134 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3135 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3136 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3137 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3138 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3139 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3140 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3141 # decided to revert.
3142
3143
3144 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3145 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 EDT
3146 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 EST
3147 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -0430
3148 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 EST
3149 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 EST
3150 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 EST
3151 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3152 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3153 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3154 -5:00 DR %s 1974 Oct 27
3155 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3156 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3157 -4:00 - AST
3158
3159 # El Salvador
3160
3161 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3162 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3163 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3164 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3165 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3166 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3167 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3168 -6:00 Salv C%sT
3169
3170 # Grenada
3171 # Guadeloupe
3172 # St Barthélemy
3173 # St Martin (French part)
3174 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3175
3176 # Guatemala
3177 #
3178 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3179 # Diario Co Latino, at
3180 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3181 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3182 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3183 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3184 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3185 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3186 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3187 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3188 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3189
3190 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3191 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3192 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3193 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3194 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3195 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3196 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3197 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3198 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3199 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3200 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3201 -6:00 Guat C%sT
3202
3203 # Haiti
3204 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3205 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3206 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3207 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3208 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3209 #
3210 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3211 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3212 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3213 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3214 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3215 #
3216 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3217 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3218 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3219 # October 2005.
3220 #
3221 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3222 #
3223 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3224 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3225 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3226 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3227 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3228 #
3229 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3230 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3231 #
3232 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3233
3234 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3235 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3236
3237 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3238 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3239 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3240 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3241 #
3242 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3243 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3244 #
3245 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3246 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3247 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3248 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3249
3250 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3251 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3252 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3253 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3254 #
3255 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3256 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3257
3258 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3259 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3260 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3261 # https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3262 # https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3263 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3264
3265 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3266 # We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3267 # has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3268 # I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3269 # https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3270
3271 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3272 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3273 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3274 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3275 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3276 # Go with IATA.
3277 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3278 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3279 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3280 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3281 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3282 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3283 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3284 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3286 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3287 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3288 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
3289
3290 # Honduras
3291 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3292
3293 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3294 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3295 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3296 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3297 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3298 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3299
3300 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3301 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3302 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3303 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3304
3305 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3306 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3307 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3308 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3309
3310 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3311 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3312 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3313 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3314
3315 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3316 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3317 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3318
3319 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3320 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3321 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3322 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3323 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3324 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3325 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3326 -6:00 Hond C%sT
3327 #
3328 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3329
3330 # Jamaica
3331 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3332 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3333 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3334 #
3335 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3336 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3337 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3338 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3339 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3340 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3341 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3342 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3343 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3344 #
3345 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3346 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:10 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3347 -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3348 -5:00 - EST 1974
3349 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
3350 -5:00 - EST
3351
3352 # Martinique
3353 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3354 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3355 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3356 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3357 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3358 -4:00 - AST
3359
3360 # Montserrat
3361 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3362
3363 # Nicaragua
3364 #
3365 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3366 #
3367 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3368 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3369 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3370 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3371 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3372 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3373 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3374 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3375 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3376 #
3377 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3378 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3379 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3380 #
3381 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3382 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3383 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3384 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3385 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3386 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3387 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3388 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3389 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3390 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3391 #
3392 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3393 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3394 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3395 # (2005-09-26)
3396 #
3397 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3398 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3399 # (my informal translation)
3400 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3401 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3402 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3403 #
3404 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3405 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3406 # My informal translation runs:
3407 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3408 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3409 #
3410 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3411 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3412 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3413 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3414 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3415 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3416 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3417 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3418 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3419 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3420 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3421 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3422 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3423 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3424 -6:00 - CST 1993
3425 -5:00 - EST 1997
3426 -6:00 Nic C%sT
3427
3428 # Panama
3429 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3430 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3431 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3432 -5:00 - EST
3433 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3434
3435 # Puerto Rico
3436 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3437 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3438 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3439 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3440 -4:00 US A%sT 1946
3441 -4:00 - AST
3442
3443 # St Kitts-Nevis
3444 # St Lucia
3445 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3446
3447 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3448 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3449 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3450 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3451 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3452 -3:00 - -03 1987
3453 -3:00 Canada -03/-02
3454
3455 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3456 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3457
3458 # Turks and Caicos
3459 #
3460 # From Chris Dunn in
3461 # https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3462 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3463 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3464 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3465 #
3466 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3467 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3468 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3469 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3470 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3471 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3472 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3473 #
3474 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3475 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3476 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3477 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3478 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3479 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3480 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3481 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3482 #
3483 # From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3484 # ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3485 # during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3486 # Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3487 # https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3488 #
3489 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3490 # The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3491 # which makes more sense. See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3492 # by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3493 # http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3494 #
3495 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3496 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3497 -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3498 -5:00 - EST 1979
3499 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3500 -4:00 - AST 2018 Mar 11 3:00
3501 -5:00 US E%sT
3502
3503 # British Virgin Is
3504 # Virgin Is
3505 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3506
3507
3508 # Local Variables:
3509 # coding: utf-8
3510 # End: