1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  */
  23 
  24 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  25 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  26 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
  27 #include "jvmci/jniAccessMark.inline.hpp"
  28 #include "jvmci/jvmciCompilerToVM.hpp"
  29 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  30 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  33 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  34 #include "oops/method.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  36 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "runtime/biasedLocking.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
  42 #if INCLUDE_G1GC
  43 #include "gc/g1/g1ThreadLocalData.hpp"
  44 #endif // INCLUDE_G1GC
  45 
  46 // Simple helper to see if the caller of a runtime stub which
  47 // entered the VM has been deoptimized
  48 
  49 static bool caller_is_deopted() {
  50   JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
  51   RegisterMap reg_map(thread, false);
  52   frame runtime_frame = thread->last_frame();
  53   frame caller_frame = runtime_frame.sender(&reg_map);
  54   assert(caller_frame.is_compiled_frame(), "must be compiled");
  55   return caller_frame.is_deoptimized_frame();
  56 }
  57 
  58 // Stress deoptimization
  59 static void deopt_caller() {
  60   if ( !caller_is_deopted()) {
  61     JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
  62     RegisterMap reg_map(thread, false);
  63     frame runtime_frame = thread->last_frame();
  64     frame caller_frame = runtime_frame.sender(&reg_map);
  65     Deoptimization::deoptimize_frame(thread, caller_frame.id(), Deoptimization::Reason_constraint);
  66     assert(caller_is_deopted(), "Must be deoptimized");
  67   }
  68 }
  69 
  70 // Manages a scope for a JVMCI runtime call that attempts a heap allocation.
  71 // If there is a pending exception upon closing the scope and the runtime
  72 // call is of the variety where allocation failure returns NULL without an
  73 // exception, the following action is taken:
  74 //   1. The pending exception is cleared
  75 //   2. NULL is written to JavaThread::_vm_result
  76 //   3. Checks that an OutOfMemoryError is Universe::out_of_memory_error_retry().
  77 class RetryableAllocationMark: public StackObj {
  78  private:
  79   JavaThread* _thread;
  80  public:
  81   RetryableAllocationMark(JavaThread* thread, bool activate) {
  82     if (activate) {
  83       assert(!thread->in_retryable_allocation(), "retryable allocation scope is non-reentrant");
  84       _thread = thread;
  85       _thread->set_in_retryable_allocation(true);
  86     } else {
  87       _thread = NULL;
  88     }
  89   }
  90   ~RetryableAllocationMark() {
  91     if (_thread != NULL) {
  92       _thread->set_in_retryable_allocation(false);
  93       JavaThread* THREAD = _thread;
  94       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
  95         oop ex = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
  96         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
  97         oop retry_oome = Universe::out_of_memory_error_retry();
  98         if (ex->is_a(retry_oome->klass()) && retry_oome != ex) {
  99           ResourceMark rm;
 100           fatal("Unexpected exception in scope of retryable allocation: " INTPTR_FORMAT " of type %s", p2i(ex), ex->klass()->external_name());
 101         }
 102         _thread->set_vm_result(NULL);
 103       }
 104     }
 105   }
 106 };
 107 
 108 JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::new_instance_common(JavaThread* thread, Klass* klass, bool null_on_fail))
 109   JRT_BLOCK;
 110   assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
 111   Handle holder(THREAD, klass->klass_holder()); // keep the klass alive
 112   InstanceKlass* h = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
 113   {
 114     RetryableAllocationMark ram(thread, null_on_fail);
 115     h->check_valid_for_instantiation(true, CHECK);
 116     oop obj;
 117     if (null_on_fail) {
 118       if (!h->is_initialized()) {
 119         // Cannot re-execute class initialization without side effects
 120         // so return without attempting the initialization
 121         return;
 122       }
 123     } else {
 124       // make sure klass is initialized
 125       h->initialize(CHECK);
 126     }
 127     // allocate instance and return via TLS
 128     obj = h->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 129     thread->set_vm_result(obj);
 130   }
 131   JRT_BLOCK_END;
 132   SharedRuntime::on_slowpath_allocation_exit(thread);
 133 JRT_END
 134 
 135 JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::new_array_common(JavaThread* thread, Klass* array_klass, jint length, bool null_on_fail))
 136   JRT_BLOCK;
 137   // Note: no handle for klass needed since they are not used
 138   //       anymore after new_objArray() and no GC can happen before.
 139   //       (This may have to change if this code changes!)
 140   assert(array_klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
 141   oop obj;
 142   if (array_klass->is_typeArray_klass()) {
 143     BasicType elt_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_type();
 144     RetryableAllocationMark ram(thread, null_on_fail);
 145     obj = oopFactory::new_typeArray(elt_type, length, CHECK);
 146   } else {
 147     Handle holder(THREAD, array_klass->klass_holder()); // keep the klass alive
 148     Klass* elem_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_klass();
 149     RetryableAllocationMark ram(thread, null_on_fail);
 150     obj = oopFactory::new_objArray(elem_klass, length, CHECK);
 151   }
 152   thread->set_vm_result(obj);
 153   // This is pretty rare but this runtime patch is stressful to deoptimization
 154   // if we deoptimize here so force a deopt to stress the path.
 155   if (DeoptimizeALot) {
 156     static int deopts = 0;
 157     // Alternate between deoptimizing and raising an error (which will also cause a deopt)
 158     if (deopts++ % 2 == 0) {
 159       if (null_on_fail) {
 160         return;
 161       } else {
 162         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 163         THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError());
 164       }
 165     } else {
 166       deopt_caller();
 167     }
 168   }
 169   JRT_BLOCK_END;
 170   SharedRuntime::on_slowpath_allocation_exit(thread);
 171 JRT_END
 172 
 173 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::new_multi_array_common(JavaThread* thread, Klass* klass, int rank, jint* dims, bool null_on_fail))
 174   assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
 175   assert(rank >= 1, "rank must be nonzero");
 176   Handle holder(THREAD, klass->klass_holder()); // keep the klass alive
 177   RetryableAllocationMark ram(thread, null_on_fail);
 178   oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(rank, dims, CHECK);
 179   thread->set_vm_result(obj);
 180 JRT_END
 181 
 182 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::dynamic_new_array_common(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* element_mirror, jint length, bool null_on_fail))
 183   RetryableAllocationMark ram(thread, null_on_fail);
 184   oop obj = Reflection::reflect_new_array(element_mirror, length, CHECK);
 185   thread->set_vm_result(obj);
 186 JRT_END
 187 
 188 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::dynamic_new_instance_common(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* type_mirror, bool null_on_fail))
 189   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror));
 190 
 191   if (klass == NULL) {
 192     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 193     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationException());
 194   }
 195   RetryableAllocationMark ram(thread, null_on_fail);
 196 
 197   // Create new instance (the receiver)
 198   klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK);
 199 
 200   if (null_on_fail) {
 201     if (!klass->is_initialized()) {
 202       // Cannot re-execute class initialization without side effects
 203       // so return without attempting the initialization
 204       return;
 205     }
 206   } else {
 207     // Make sure klass gets initialized
 208     klass->initialize(CHECK);
 209   }
 210 
 211   oop obj = klass->allocate_instance(CHECK);
 212   thread->set_vm_result(obj);
 213 JRT_END
 214 
 215 extern void vm_exit(int code);
 216 
 217 // Enter this method from compiled code handler below. This is where we transition
 218 // to VM mode. This is done as a helper routine so that the method called directly
 219 // from compiled code does not have to transition to VM. This allows the entry
 220 // method to see if the nmethod that we have just looked up a handler for has
 221 // been deoptimized while we were in the vm. This simplifies the assembly code
 222 // cpu directories.
 223 //
 224 // We are entering here from exception stub (via the entry method below)
 225 // If there is a compiled exception handler in this method, we will continue there;
 226 // otherwise we will unwind the stack and continue at the caller of top frame method
 227 // Note: we enter in Java using a special JRT wrapper. This wrapper allows us to
 228 // control the area where we can allow a safepoint. After we exit the safepoint area we can
 229 // check to see if the handler we are going to return is now in a nmethod that has
 230 // been deoptimized. If that is the case we return the deopt blob
 231 // unpack_with_exception entry instead. This makes life for the exception blob easier
 232 // because making that same check and diverting is painful from assembly language.
 233 JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(static address, exception_handler_for_pc_helper(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* ex, address pc, CompiledMethod*& cm))
 234   // Reset method handle flag.
 235   thread->set_is_method_handle_return(false);
 236 
 237   Handle exception(thread, ex);
 238   cm = CodeCache::find_compiled(pc);
 239   assert(cm != NULL, "this is not a compiled method");
 240   // Adjust the pc as needed/
 241   if (cm->is_deopt_pc(pc)) {
 242     RegisterMap map(thread, false);
 243     frame exception_frame = thread->last_frame().sender(&map);
 244     // if the frame isn't deopted then pc must not correspond to the caller of last_frame
 245     assert(exception_frame.is_deoptimized_frame(), "must be deopted");
 246     pc = exception_frame.pc();
 247   }
 248 #ifdef ASSERT
 249   assert(exception.not_null(), "NULL exceptions should be handled by throw_exception");
 250   assert(oopDesc::is_oop(exception()), "just checking");
 251   // Check that exception is a subclass of Throwable, otherwise we have a VerifyError
 252   if (!(exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()))) {
 253     if (ExitVMOnVerifyError) vm_exit(-1);
 254     ShouldNotReachHere();
 255   }
 256 #endif
 257 
 258   // Check the stack guard pages and reenable them if necessary and there is
 259   // enough space on the stack to do so.  Use fast exceptions only if the guard
 260   // pages are enabled.
 261   bool guard_pages_enabled = thread->stack_guards_enabled();
 262   if (!guard_pages_enabled) guard_pages_enabled = thread->reguard_stack();
 263 
 264   if (JvmtiExport::can_post_on_exceptions()) {
 265     // To ensure correct notification of exception catches and throws
 266     // we have to deoptimize here.  If we attempted to notify the
 267     // catches and throws during this exception lookup it's possible
 268     // we could deoptimize on the way out of the VM and end back in
 269     // the interpreter at the throw site.  This would result in double
 270     // notifications since the interpreter would also notify about
 271     // these same catches and throws as it unwound the frame.
 272 
 273     RegisterMap reg_map(thread);
 274     frame stub_frame = thread->last_frame();
 275     frame caller_frame = stub_frame.sender(&reg_map);
 276 
 277     // We don't really want to deoptimize the nmethod itself since we
 278     // can actually continue in the exception handler ourselves but I
 279     // don't see an easy way to have the desired effect.
 280     Deoptimization::deoptimize_frame(thread, caller_frame.id(), Deoptimization::Reason_constraint);
 281     assert(caller_is_deopted(), "Must be deoptimized");
 282 
 283     return SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack_with_exception_in_tls();
 284   }
 285 
 286   // ExceptionCache is used only for exceptions at call sites and not for implicit exceptions
 287   if (guard_pages_enabled) {
 288     address fast_continuation = cm->handler_for_exception_and_pc(exception, pc);
 289     if (fast_continuation != NULL) {
 290       // Set flag if return address is a method handle call site.
 291       thread->set_is_method_handle_return(cm->is_method_handle_return(pc));
 292       return fast_continuation;
 293     }
 294   }
 295 
 296   // If the stack guard pages are enabled, check whether there is a handler in
 297   // the current method.  Otherwise (guard pages disabled), force an unwind and
 298   // skip the exception cache update (i.e., just leave continuation==NULL).
 299   address continuation = NULL;
 300   if (guard_pages_enabled) {
 301 
 302     // New exception handling mechanism can support inlined methods
 303     // with exception handlers since the mappings are from PC to PC
 304 
 305     // debugging support
 306     // tracing
 307     if (log_is_enabled(Info, exceptions)) {
 308       ResourceMark rm;
 309       stringStream tempst;
 310       assert(cm->method() != NULL, "Unexpected null method()");
 311       tempst.print("compiled method <%s>\n"
 312                    " at PC" INTPTR_FORMAT " for thread " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 313                    cm->method()->print_value_string(), p2i(pc), p2i(thread));
 314       Exceptions::log_exception(exception, tempst.as_string());
 315     }
 316     // for AbortVMOnException flag
 317     NOT_PRODUCT(Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception));
 318 
 319     // Clear out the exception oop and pc since looking up an
 320     // exception handler can cause class loading, which might throw an
 321     // exception and those fields are expected to be clear during
 322     // normal bytecode execution.
 323     thread->clear_exception_oop_and_pc();
 324 
 325     bool recursive_exception = false;
 326     continuation = SharedRuntime::compute_compiled_exc_handler(cm, pc, exception, false, false, recursive_exception);
 327     // If an exception was thrown during exception dispatch, the exception oop may have changed
 328     thread->set_exception_oop(exception());
 329     thread->set_exception_pc(pc);
 330 
 331     // The exception cache is used only for non-implicit exceptions
 332     // Update the exception cache only when another exception did
 333     // occur during the computation of the compiled exception handler
 334     // (e.g., when loading the class of the catch type).
 335     // Checking for exception oop equality is not
 336     // sufficient because some exceptions are pre-allocated and reused.
 337     if (continuation != NULL && !recursive_exception && !SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->contains(continuation)) {
 338       cm->add_handler_for_exception_and_pc(exception, pc, continuation);
 339     }
 340   }
 341 
 342   // Set flag if return address is a method handle call site.
 343   thread->set_is_method_handle_return(cm->is_method_handle_return(pc));
 344 
 345   if (log_is_enabled(Info, exceptions)) {
 346     ResourceMark rm;
 347     log_info(exceptions)("Thread " PTR_FORMAT " continuing at PC " PTR_FORMAT
 348                          " for exception thrown at PC " PTR_FORMAT,
 349                          p2i(thread), p2i(continuation), p2i(pc));
 350   }
 351 
 352   return continuation;
 353 JRT_END
 354 
 355 // Enter this method from compiled code only if there is a Java exception handler
 356 // in the method handling the exception.
 357 // We are entering here from exception stub. We don't do a normal VM transition here.
 358 // We do it in a helper. This is so we can check to see if the nmethod we have just
 359 // searched for an exception handler has been deoptimized in the meantime.
 360 address JVMCIRuntime::exception_handler_for_pc(JavaThread* thread) {
 361   oop exception = thread->exception_oop();
 362   address pc = thread->exception_pc();
 363   // Still in Java mode
 364   DEBUG_ONLY(ResetNoHandleMark rnhm);
 365   CompiledMethod* cm = NULL;
 366   address continuation = NULL;
 367   {
 368     // Enter VM mode by calling the helper
 369     ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
 370     continuation = exception_handler_for_pc_helper(thread, exception, pc, cm);
 371   }
 372   // Back in JAVA, use no oops DON'T safepoint
 373 
 374   // Now check to see if the compiled method we were called from is now deoptimized.
 375   // If so we must return to the deopt blob and deoptimize the nmethod
 376   if (cm != NULL && caller_is_deopted()) {
 377     continuation = SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack_with_exception_in_tls();
 378   }
 379 
 380   assert(continuation != NULL, "no handler found");
 381   return continuation;
 382 }
 383 
 384 JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(void, JVMCIRuntime::monitorenter(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock))
 385   IF_TRACE_jvmci_3 {
 386     char type[O_BUFLEN];
 387     obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(type, O_BUFLEN);
 388     markWord mark = obj->mark();
 389     TRACE_jvmci_3("%s: entered locking slow case with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", type=%s, mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", lock=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj), type, mark.value(), p2i(lock));
 390     tty->flush();
 391   }
 392   if (PrintBiasedLockingStatistics) {
 393     Atomic::inc(BiasedLocking::slow_path_entry_count_addr());
 394   }
 395   Handle h_obj(thread, obj);
 396   assert(oopDesc::is_oop(h_obj()), "must be NULL or an object");
 397   ObjectSynchronizer::enter(h_obj, lock, THREAD);
 398   TRACE_jvmci_3("%s: exiting locking slow with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj));
 399 JRT_END
 400 
 401 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::monitorexit(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock))
 402   assert(thread == JavaThread::current(), "threads must correspond");
 403   assert(thread->last_Java_sp(), "last_Java_sp must be set");
 404   // monitorexit is non-blocking (leaf routine) => no exceptions can be thrown
 405   EXCEPTION_MARK;
 406 
 407 #ifdef ASSERT
 408   if (!oopDesc::is_oop(obj)) {
 409     ResetNoHandleMark rhm;
 410     nmethod* method = thread->last_frame().cb()->as_nmethod_or_null();
 411     if (method != NULL) {
 412       tty->print_cr("ERROR in monitorexit in method %s wrong obj " INTPTR_FORMAT, method->name(), p2i(obj));
 413     }
 414     thread->print_stack_on(tty);
 415     assert(false, "invalid lock object pointer dected");
 416   }
 417 #endif
 418 
 419   ObjectSynchronizer::exit(obj, lock, THREAD);
 420   IF_TRACE_jvmci_3 {
 421     char type[O_BUFLEN];
 422     obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(type, O_BUFLEN);
 423     TRACE_jvmci_3("%s: exited locking slow case with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", type=%s, mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", lock=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj), type, obj->mark().value(), p2i(lock));
 424     tty->flush();
 425   }
 426 JRT_END
 427 
 428 // Object.notify() fast path, caller does slow path
 429 JRT_LEAF(jboolean, JVMCIRuntime::object_notify(JavaThread *thread, oopDesc* obj))
 430 
 431   // Very few notify/notifyAll operations find any threads on the waitset, so
 432   // the dominant fast-path is to simply return.
 433   // Relatedly, it's critical that notify/notifyAll be fast in order to
 434   // reduce lock hold times.
 435   if (!SafepointSynchronize::is_synchronizing()) {
 436     if (ObjectSynchronizer::quick_notify(obj, thread, false)) {
 437       return true;
 438     }
 439   }
 440   return false; // caller must perform slow path
 441 
 442 JRT_END
 443 
 444 // Object.notifyAll() fast path, caller does slow path
 445 JRT_LEAF(jboolean, JVMCIRuntime::object_notifyAll(JavaThread *thread, oopDesc* obj))
 446 
 447   if (!SafepointSynchronize::is_synchronizing() ) {
 448     if (ObjectSynchronizer::quick_notify(obj, thread, true)) {
 449       return true;
 450     }
 451   }
 452   return false; // caller must perform slow path
 453 
 454 JRT_END
 455 
 456 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(JavaThread* thread, const char* exception, const char* message))
 457   TempNewSymbol symbol = SymbolTable::new_symbol(exception);
 458   SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, symbol, message);
 459 JRT_END
 460 
 461 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::throw_klass_external_name_exception(JavaThread* thread, const char* exception, Klass* klass))
 462   ResourceMark rm(thread);
 463   TempNewSymbol symbol = SymbolTable::new_symbol(exception);
 464   SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, symbol, klass->external_name());
 465 JRT_END
 466 
 467 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::throw_class_cast_exception(JavaThread* thread, const char* exception, Klass* caster_klass, Klass* target_klass))
 468   ResourceMark rm(thread);
 469   const char* message = SharedRuntime::generate_class_cast_message(caster_klass, target_klass);
 470   TempNewSymbol symbol = SymbolTable::new_symbol(exception);
 471   SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, symbol, message);
 472 JRT_END
 473 
 474 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::log_object(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, bool as_string, bool newline))
 475   ttyLocker ttyl;
 476 
 477   if (obj == NULL) {
 478     tty->print("NULL");
 479   } else if (oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(obj, true) && (!as_string || !java_lang_String::is_instance(obj))) {
 480     if (oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(obj, true)) {
 481       char buf[O_BUFLEN];
 482       tty->print("%s@" INTPTR_FORMAT, obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(buf, O_BUFLEN), p2i(obj));
 483     } else {
 484       tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
 485     }
 486   } else {
 487     ResourceMark rm;
 488     assert(obj != NULL && java_lang_String::is_instance(obj), "must be");
 489     char *buf = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(obj);
 490     tty->print_raw(buf);
 491   }
 492   if (newline) {
 493     tty->cr();
 494   }
 495 JRT_END
 496 
 497 #if INCLUDE_G1GC
 498 
 499 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::write_barrier_pre(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj))
 500   G1ThreadLocalData::satb_mark_queue(thread).enqueue(obj);
 501 JRT_END
 502 
 503 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::write_barrier_post(JavaThread* thread, void* card_addr))
 504   G1ThreadLocalData::dirty_card_queue(thread).enqueue(card_addr);
 505 JRT_END
 506 
 507 #endif // INCLUDE_G1GC
 508 
 509 JRT_LEAF(jboolean, JVMCIRuntime::validate_object(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* parent, oopDesc* child))
 510   bool ret = true;
 511   if(!Universe::heap()->is_in(parent)) {
 512     tty->print_cr("Parent Object " INTPTR_FORMAT " not in heap", p2i(parent));
 513     parent->print();
 514     ret=false;
 515   }
 516   if(!Universe::heap()->is_in(child)) {
 517     tty->print_cr("Child Object " INTPTR_FORMAT " not in heap", p2i(child));
 518     child->print();
 519     ret=false;
 520   }
 521   return (jint)ret;
 522 JRT_END
 523 
 524 JRT_ENTRY(void, JVMCIRuntime::vm_error(JavaThread* thread, jlong where, jlong format, jlong value))
 525   ResourceMark rm;
 526   const char *error_msg = where == 0L ? "<internal JVMCI error>" : (char*) (address) where;
 527   char *detail_msg = NULL;
 528   if (format != 0L) {
 529     const char* buf = (char*) (address) format;
 530     size_t detail_msg_length = strlen(buf) * 2;
 531     detail_msg = (char *) NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(u_char, detail_msg_length);
 532     jio_snprintf(detail_msg, detail_msg_length, buf, value);
 533   }
 534   report_vm_error(__FILE__, __LINE__, error_msg, "%s", detail_msg);
 535 JRT_END
 536 
 537 JRT_LEAF(oopDesc*, JVMCIRuntime::load_and_clear_exception(JavaThread* thread))
 538   oop exception = thread->exception_oop();
 539   assert(exception != NULL, "npe");
 540   thread->set_exception_oop(NULL);
 541   thread->set_exception_pc(0);
 542   return exception;
 543 JRT_END
 544 
 545 PRAGMA_DIAG_PUSH
 546 PRAGMA_FORMAT_NONLITERAL_IGNORED
 547 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::log_printf(JavaThread* thread, const char* format, jlong v1, jlong v2, jlong v3))
 548   ResourceMark rm;
 549   tty->print(format, v1, v2, v3);
 550 JRT_END
 551 PRAGMA_DIAG_POP
 552 
 553 static void decipher(jlong v, bool ignoreZero) {
 554   if (v != 0 || !ignoreZero) {
 555     void* p = (void *)(address) v;
 556     CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(p);
 557     if (cb) {
 558       if (cb->is_nmethod()) {
 559         char buf[O_BUFLEN];
 560         tty->print("%s [" INTPTR_FORMAT "+" JLONG_FORMAT "]", cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string(buf, O_BUFLEN), p2i(cb->code_begin()), (jlong)((address)v - cb->code_begin()));
 561         return;
 562       }
 563       cb->print_value_on(tty);
 564       return;
 565     }
 566     if (Universe::heap()->is_in(p)) {
 567       oop obj = oop(p);
 568       obj->print_value_on(tty);
 569       return;
 570     }
 571     tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT " [long: " JLONG_FORMAT ", double %lf, char %c]",p2i((void *)v), (jlong)v, (jdouble)v, (char)v);
 572   }
 573 }
 574 
 575 PRAGMA_DIAG_PUSH
 576 PRAGMA_FORMAT_NONLITERAL_IGNORED
 577 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::vm_message(jboolean vmError, jlong format, jlong v1, jlong v2, jlong v3))
 578   ResourceMark rm;
 579   const char *buf = (const char*) (address) format;
 580   if (vmError) {
 581     if (buf != NULL) {
 582       fatal(buf, v1, v2, v3);
 583     } else {
 584       fatal("<anonymous error>");
 585     }
 586   } else if (buf != NULL) {
 587     tty->print(buf, v1, v2, v3);
 588   } else {
 589     assert(v2 == 0, "v2 != 0");
 590     assert(v3 == 0, "v3 != 0");
 591     decipher(v1, false);
 592   }
 593 JRT_END
 594 PRAGMA_DIAG_POP
 595 
 596 JRT_LEAF(void, JVMCIRuntime::log_primitive(JavaThread* thread, jchar typeChar, jlong value, jboolean newline))
 597   union {
 598       jlong l;
 599       jdouble d;
 600       jfloat f;
 601   } uu;
 602   uu.l = value;
 603   switch (typeChar) {
 604     case 'Z': tty->print(value == 0 ? "false" : "true"); break;
 605     case 'B': tty->print("%d", (jbyte) value); break;
 606     case 'C': tty->print("%c", (jchar) value); break;
 607     case 'S': tty->print("%d", (jshort) value); break;
 608     case 'I': tty->print("%d", (jint) value); break;
 609     case 'F': tty->print("%f", uu.f); break;
 610     case 'J': tty->print(JLONG_FORMAT, value); break;
 611     case 'D': tty->print("%lf", uu.d); break;
 612     default: assert(false, "unknown typeChar"); break;
 613   }
 614   if (newline) {
 615     tty->cr();
 616   }
 617 JRT_END
 618 
 619 JRT_ENTRY(jint, JVMCIRuntime::identity_hash_code(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj))
 620   return (jint) obj->identity_hash();
 621 JRT_END
 622 
 623 JRT_ENTRY(jboolean, JVMCIRuntime::thread_is_interrupted(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* receiver, jboolean clear_interrupted))
 624   Handle receiverHandle(thread, receiver);
 625   // A nested ThreadsListHandle may require the Threads_lock which
 626   // requires thread_in_vm which is why this method cannot be JRT_LEAF.
 627   ThreadsListHandle tlh;
 628 
 629   JavaThread* receiverThread = java_lang_Thread::thread(receiverHandle());
 630   if (receiverThread == NULL || (EnableThreadSMRExtraValidityChecks && !tlh.includes(receiverThread))) {
 631     // The other thread may exit during this process, which is ok so return false.
 632     return JNI_FALSE;
 633   } else {
 634     return (jint) Thread::is_interrupted(receiverThread, clear_interrupted != 0);
 635   }
 636 JRT_END
 637 
 638 JRT_ENTRY(jint, JVMCIRuntime::test_deoptimize_call_int(JavaThread* thread, int value))
 639   deopt_caller();
 640   return (jint) value;
 641 JRT_END
 642 
 643 
 644 // private static JVMCIRuntime JVMCI.initializeRuntime()
 645 JVM_ENTRY_NO_ENV(jobject, JVM_GetJVMCIRuntime(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
 646   JNI_JVMCIENV(thread, env);
 647   if (!EnableJVMCI) {
 648     JVMCI_THROW_MSG_NULL(InternalError, "JVMCI is not enabled");
 649   }
 650   JVMCIENV->runtime()->initialize_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime(JVMCI_CHECK_NULL);
 651   JVMCIObject runtime = JVMCIENV->runtime()->get_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime(JVMCI_CHECK_NULL);
 652   return JVMCIENV->get_jobject(runtime);
 653 JVM_END
 654 
 655 void JVMCIRuntime::call_getCompiler(TRAPS) {
 656   THREAD_JVMCIENV(JavaThread::current());
 657   JVMCIObject jvmciRuntime = JVMCIRuntime::get_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime(JVMCI_CHECK);
 658   initialize(JVMCIENV);
 659   JVMCIENV->call_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_getCompiler(jvmciRuntime, JVMCI_CHECK);
 660 }
 661 
 662 void JVMCINMethodData::initialize(
 663   int nmethod_mirror_index,
 664   const char* name,
 665   FailedSpeculation** failed_speculations)
 666 {
 667   _failed_speculations = failed_speculations;
 668   _nmethod_mirror_index = nmethod_mirror_index;
 669   if (name != NULL) {
 670     _has_name = true;
 671     char* dest = (char*) this->name();
 672     strcpy(dest, name);
 673   } else {
 674     _has_name = false;
 675   }
 676 }
 677 
 678 void JVMCINMethodData::add_failed_speculation(nmethod* nm, jlong speculation) {
 679   uint index = (speculation >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
 680   int length = (int) speculation;
 681   if (index + length > (uint) nm->speculations_size()) {
 682     fatal(INTPTR_FORMAT "[index: %d, length: %d] out of bounds wrt encoded speculations of length %u", speculation, index, length, nm->speculations_size());
 683   }
 684   address data = nm->speculations_begin() + index;
 685   FailedSpeculation::add_failed_speculation(nm, _failed_speculations, data, length);
 686 }
 687 
 688 oop JVMCINMethodData::get_nmethod_mirror(nmethod* nm, bool phantom_ref) {
 689   if (_nmethod_mirror_index == -1) {
 690     return NULL;
 691   }
 692   if (phantom_ref) {
 693     return nm->oop_at_phantom(_nmethod_mirror_index);
 694   } else {
 695     return nm->oop_at(_nmethod_mirror_index);
 696   }
 697 }
 698 
 699 void JVMCINMethodData::set_nmethod_mirror(nmethod* nm, oop new_mirror) {
 700   assert(_nmethod_mirror_index != -1, "cannot set JVMCI mirror for nmethod");
 701   oop* addr = nm->oop_addr_at(_nmethod_mirror_index);
 702   assert(new_mirror != NULL, "use clear_nmethod_mirror to clear the mirror");
 703   assert(*addr == NULL, "cannot overwrite non-null mirror");
 704 
 705   *addr = new_mirror;
 706 
 707   // Since we've patched some oops in the nmethod,
 708   // (re)register it with the heap.
 709   Universe::heap()->register_nmethod(nm);
 710 }
 711 
 712 void JVMCINMethodData::clear_nmethod_mirror(nmethod* nm) {
 713   if (_nmethod_mirror_index != -1) {
 714     oop* addr = nm->oop_addr_at(_nmethod_mirror_index);
 715     *addr = NULL;
 716   }
 717 }
 718 
 719 void JVMCINMethodData::invalidate_nmethod_mirror(nmethod* nm) {
 720   oop nmethod_mirror = get_nmethod_mirror(nm, /* phantom_ref */ true);
 721   if (nmethod_mirror == NULL) {
 722     return;
 723   }
 724 
 725   // Update the values in the mirror if it still refers to nm.
 726   // We cannot use JVMCIObject to wrap the mirror as this is called
 727   // during GC, forbidding the creation of JNIHandles.
 728   JVMCIEnv* jvmciEnv = NULL;
 729   nmethod* current = (nmethod*) HotSpotJVMCI::InstalledCode::address(jvmciEnv, nmethod_mirror);
 730   if (nm == current) {
 731     if (!nm->is_alive()) {
 732       // Break the link from the mirror to nm such that
 733       // future invocations via the mirror will result in
 734       // an InvalidInstalledCodeException.
 735       HotSpotJVMCI::InstalledCode::set_address(jvmciEnv, nmethod_mirror, 0);
 736       HotSpotJVMCI::InstalledCode::set_entryPoint(jvmciEnv, nmethod_mirror, 0);
 737     } else if (nm->is_not_entrant()) {
 738       // Zero the entry point so any new invocation will fail but keep
 739       // the address link around that so that existing activations can
 740       // be deoptimized via the mirror (i.e. JVMCIEnv::invalidate_installed_code).
 741       HotSpotJVMCI::InstalledCode::set_entryPoint(jvmciEnv, nmethod_mirror, 0);
 742     }
 743   }
 744 }
 745 
 746 void JVMCIRuntime::initialize_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime(JVMCI_TRAPS) {
 747   if (is_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_initialized()) {
 748     if (JVMCIENV->is_hotspot() && UseJVMCINativeLibrary) {
 749       JVMCI_THROW_MSG(InternalError, "JVMCI has already been enabled in the JVMCI shared library");
 750     }
 751   }
 752 
 753   initialize(JVMCIENV);
 754 
 755   // This should only be called in the context of the JVMCI class being initialized
 756   JVMCIObject result = JVMCIENV->call_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_runtime(JVMCI_CHECK);
 757 
 758   _HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_instance = JVMCIENV->make_global(result);
 759 }
 760 
 761 void JVMCIRuntime::initialize(JVMCIEnv* JVMCIENV) {
 762   assert(this != NULL, "sanity");
 763   // Check first without JVMCI_lock
 764   if (_initialized) {
 765     return;
 766   }
 767 
 768   MutexLocker locker(JVMCI_lock);
 769   // Check again under JVMCI_lock
 770   if (_initialized) {
 771     return;
 772   }
 773 
 774   while (_being_initialized) {
 775     JVMCI_lock->wait();
 776     if (_initialized) {
 777       return;
 778     }
 779   }
 780 
 781   _being_initialized = true;
 782 
 783   {
 784     MutexUnlocker unlock(JVMCI_lock);
 785 
 786     HandleMark hm;
 787     ResourceMark rm;
 788     JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
 789     if (JVMCIENV->is_hotspot()) {
 790       HotSpotJVMCI::compute_offsets(CHECK_EXIT);
 791     } else {
 792       JNIAccessMark jni(JVMCIENV);
 793 
 794       JNIJVMCI::initialize_ids(jni.env());
 795       if (jni()->ExceptionCheck()) {
 796         jni()->ExceptionDescribe();
 797         fatal("JNI exception during init");
 798       }
 799     }
 800     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_BOOLEAN, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 801     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_BYTE, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 802     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_CHAR, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 803     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_SHORT, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 804     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_INT, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 805     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_LONG, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 806     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_FLOAT, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 807     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_DOUBLE, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 808     create_jvmci_primitive_type(T_VOID, JVMCI_CHECK_EXIT_((void)0));
 809 
 810     if (!JVMCIENV->is_hotspot()) {
 811       JVMCIENV->copy_saved_properties();
 812     }
 813   }
 814 
 815   _initialized = true;
 816   _being_initialized = false;
 817   JVMCI_lock->notify_all();
 818 }
 819 
 820 JVMCIObject JVMCIRuntime::create_jvmci_primitive_type(BasicType type, JVMCI_TRAPS) {
 821   Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
 822   // These primitive types are long lived and are created before the runtime is fully set up
 823   // so skip registering them for scanning.
 824   JVMCIObject mirror = JVMCIENV->get_object_constant(java_lang_Class::primitive_mirror(type), false, true);
 825   if (JVMCIENV->is_hotspot()) {
 826     JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
 827     JavaCallArguments args;
 828     args.push_oop(Handle(THREAD, HotSpotJVMCI::resolve(mirror)));
 829     args.push_int(type2char(type));
 830     JavaCalls::call_static(&result, HotSpotJVMCI::HotSpotResolvedPrimitiveType::klass(), vmSymbols::fromMetaspace_name(), vmSymbols::primitive_fromMetaspace_signature(), &args, CHECK_(JVMCIObject()));
 831 
 832     return JVMCIENV->wrap(JNIHandles::make_local((oop)result.get_jobject()));
 833   } else {
 834     JNIAccessMark jni(JVMCIENV);
 835     jobject result = jni()->CallStaticObjectMethod(JNIJVMCI::HotSpotResolvedPrimitiveType::clazz(),
 836                                            JNIJVMCI::HotSpotResolvedPrimitiveType_fromMetaspace_method(),
 837                                            mirror.as_jobject(), type2char(type));
 838     if (jni()->ExceptionCheck()) {
 839       return JVMCIObject();
 840     }
 841     return JVMCIENV->wrap(result);
 842   }
 843 }
 844 
 845 void JVMCIRuntime::initialize_JVMCI(JVMCI_TRAPS) {
 846   if (!is_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_initialized()) {
 847     initialize(JVMCI_CHECK);
 848     JVMCIENV->call_JVMCI_getRuntime(JVMCI_CHECK);
 849   }
 850 }
 851 
 852 JVMCIObject JVMCIRuntime::get_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime(JVMCI_TRAPS) {
 853   initialize(JVMCIENV);
 854   initialize_JVMCI(JVMCI_CHECK_(JVMCIObject()));
 855   return _HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_instance;
 856 }
 857 
 858 
 859 // private void CompilerToVM.registerNatives()
 860 JVM_ENTRY_NO_ENV(void, JVM_RegisterJVMCINatives(JNIEnv *env, jclass c2vmClass))
 861 
 862 #ifdef _LP64
 863 #ifndef TARGET_ARCH_sparc
 864   uintptr_t heap_end = (uintptr_t) Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end();
 865   uintptr_t allocation_end = heap_end + ((uintptr_t)16) * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
 866   guarantee(heap_end < allocation_end, "heap end too close to end of address space (might lead to erroneous TLAB allocations)");
 867 #endif // TARGET_ARCH_sparc
 868 #else
 869   fatal("check TLAB allocation code for address space conflicts");
 870 #endif
 871 
 872   JNI_JVMCIENV(thread, env);
 873 
 874   if (!EnableJVMCI) {
 875     JVMCI_THROW_MSG(InternalError, "JVMCI is not enabled");
 876   }
 877 
 878   JVMCIENV->runtime()->initialize(JVMCIENV);
 879 
 880   {
 881     ResourceMark rm;
 882     HandleMark hm(thread);
 883     ThreadToNativeFromVM trans(thread);
 884 
 885     // Ensure _non_oop_bits is initialized
 886     Universe::non_oop_word();
 887 
 888     if (JNI_OK != env->RegisterNatives(c2vmClass, CompilerToVM::methods, CompilerToVM::methods_count())) {
 889       if (!env->ExceptionCheck()) {
 890         for (int i = 0; i < CompilerToVM::methods_count(); i++) {
 891           if (JNI_OK != env->RegisterNatives(c2vmClass, CompilerToVM::methods + i, 1)) {
 892             guarantee(false, "Error registering JNI method %s%s", CompilerToVM::methods[i].name, CompilerToVM::methods[i].signature);
 893             break;
 894           }
 895         }
 896       } else {
 897         env->ExceptionDescribe();
 898       }
 899       guarantee(false, "Failed registering CompilerToVM native methods");
 900     }
 901   }
 902 JVM_END
 903 
 904 
 905 void JVMCIRuntime::shutdown() {
 906   if (is_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_initialized()) {
 907     _shutdown_called = true;
 908 
 909     THREAD_JVMCIENV(JavaThread::current());
 910     JVMCIENV->call_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_shutdown(_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_instance);
 911   }
 912 }
 913 
 914 void JVMCIRuntime::bootstrap_finished(TRAPS) {
 915   if (is_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_initialized()) {
 916     THREAD_JVMCIENV(JavaThread::current());
 917     JVMCIENV->call_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_bootstrapFinished(_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_instance, JVMCIENV);
 918   }
 919 }
 920 
 921 void JVMCIRuntime::describe_pending_hotspot_exception(JavaThread* THREAD, bool clear) {
 922   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 923     Handle exception(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 924     const char* exception_file = THREAD->exception_file();
 925     int exception_line = THREAD->exception_line();
 926     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 927     if (exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::ThreadDeath_klass())) {
 928       // Don't print anything if we are being killed.
 929     } else {
 930       java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_trace(exception, tty);
 931 
 932       // Clear and ignore any exceptions raised during printing
 933       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 934     }
 935     if (!clear) {
 936       THREAD->set_pending_exception(exception(), exception_file, exception_line);
 937     }
 938   }
 939 }
 940 
 941 
 942 void JVMCIRuntime::exit_on_pending_exception(JVMCIEnv* JVMCIENV, const char* message) {
 943   JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
 944 
 945   static volatile int report_error = 0;
 946   if (!report_error && Atomic::cmpxchg(1, &report_error, 0) == 0) {
 947     // Only report an error once
 948     tty->print_raw_cr(message);
 949     if (JVMCIENV != NULL) {
 950       JVMCIENV->describe_pending_exception(true);
 951     } else {
 952       describe_pending_hotspot_exception(THREAD, true);
 953     }
 954   } else {
 955     // Allow error reporting thread to print the stack trace.  Windows
 956     // doesn't allow uninterruptible wait for JavaThreads
 957     const bool interruptible = true;
 958     os::sleep(THREAD, 200, interruptible);
 959   }
 960 
 961   before_exit(THREAD);
 962   vm_exit(-1);
 963 }
 964 
 965 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 966 // Note: the logic of this method should mirror the logic of
 967 // constantPoolOopDesc::verify_constant_pool_resolve.
 968 bool JVMCIRuntime::check_klass_accessibility(Klass* accessing_klass, Klass* resolved_klass) {
 969   if (accessing_klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
 970     accessing_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(accessing_klass)->bottom_klass();
 971   }
 972   if (!accessing_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 973     return true;
 974   }
 975 
 976   if (resolved_klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
 977     // Find the element klass, if this is an array.
 978     resolved_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(resolved_klass)->bottom_klass();
 979   }
 980   if (resolved_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 981     Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults result =
 982       Reflection::verify_class_access(accessing_klass, InstanceKlass::cast(resolved_klass), true);
 983     return result == Reflection::ACCESS_OK;
 984   }
 985   return true;
 986 }
 987 
 988 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
 989 Klass* JVMCIRuntime::get_klass_by_name_impl(Klass*& accessing_klass,
 990                                           const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
 991                                           Symbol* sym,
 992                                           bool require_local) {
 993   JVMCI_EXCEPTION_CONTEXT;
 994 
 995   // Now we need to check the SystemDictionary
 996   if (sym->char_at(0) == 'L' &&
 997     sym->char_at(sym->utf8_length()-1) == ';') {
 998     // This is a name from a signature.  Strip off the trimmings.
 999     // Call recursive to keep scope of strippedsym.
1000     TempNewSymbol strippedsym = SymbolTable::new_symbol(sym->as_utf8()+1,
1001                                                         sym->utf8_length()-2);
1002     return get_klass_by_name_impl(accessing_klass, cpool, strippedsym, require_local);
1003   }
1004 
1005   Handle loader(THREAD, (oop)NULL);
1006   Handle domain(THREAD, (oop)NULL);
1007   if (accessing_klass != NULL) {
1008     loader = Handle(THREAD, accessing_klass->class_loader());
1009     domain = Handle(THREAD, accessing_klass->protection_domain());
1010   }
1011 
1012   Klass* found_klass;
1013   {
1014     ttyUnlocker ttyul;  // release tty lock to avoid ordering problems
1015     MutexLocker ml(Compile_lock);
1016     if (!require_local) {
1017       found_klass = SystemDictionary::find_constrained_instance_or_array_klass(sym, loader, CHECK_NULL);
1018     } else {
1019       found_klass = SystemDictionary::find_instance_or_array_klass(sym, loader, domain, CHECK_NULL);
1020     }
1021   }
1022 
1023   // If we fail to find an array klass, look again for its element type.
1024   // The element type may be available either locally or via constraints.
1025   // In either case, if we can find the element type in the system dictionary,
1026   // we must build an array type around it.  The CI requires array klasses
1027   // to be loaded if their element klasses are loaded, except when memory
1028   // is exhausted.
1029   if (sym->char_at(0) == '[' &&
1030       (sym->char_at(1) == '[' || sym->char_at(1) == 'L')) {
1031     // We have an unloaded array.
1032     // Build it on the fly if the element class exists.
1033     TempNewSymbol elem_sym = SymbolTable::new_symbol(sym->as_utf8()+1,
1034                                                      sym->utf8_length()-1);
1035 
1036     // Get element Klass recursively.
1037     Klass* elem_klass =
1038       get_klass_by_name_impl(accessing_klass,
1039                              cpool,
1040                              elem_sym,
1041                              require_local);
1042     if (elem_klass != NULL) {
1043       // Now make an array for it
1044       return elem_klass->array_klass(THREAD);
1045     }
1046   }
1047 
1048   if (found_klass == NULL && !cpool.is_null() && cpool->has_preresolution()) {
1049     // Look inside the constant pool for pre-resolved class entries.
1050     for (int i = cpool->length() - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
1051       if (cpool->tag_at(i).is_klass()) {
1052         Klass*  kls = cpool->resolved_klass_at(i);
1053         if (kls->name() == sym) {
1054           return kls;
1055         }
1056       }
1057     }
1058   }
1059 
1060   return found_klass;
1061 }
1062 
1063 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1064 Klass* JVMCIRuntime::get_klass_by_name(Klass* accessing_klass,
1065                                   Symbol* klass_name,
1066                                   bool require_local) {
1067   ResourceMark rm;
1068   constantPoolHandle cpool;
1069   return get_klass_by_name_impl(accessing_klass,
1070                                                  cpool,
1071                                                  klass_name,
1072                                                  require_local);
1073 }
1074 
1075 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1076 // Implementation of get_klass_by_index.
1077 Klass* JVMCIRuntime::get_klass_by_index_impl(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
1078                                         int index,
1079                                         bool& is_accessible,
1080                                         Klass* accessor) {
1081   JVMCI_EXCEPTION_CONTEXT;
1082   Klass* klass = ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(cpool, index);
1083   Symbol* klass_name = NULL;
1084   if (klass == NULL) {
1085     klass_name = cpool->klass_name_at(index);
1086   }
1087 
1088   if (klass == NULL) {
1089     // Not found in constant pool.  Use the name to do the lookup.
1090     Klass* k = get_klass_by_name_impl(accessor,
1091                                         cpool,
1092                                         klass_name,
1093                                         false);
1094     // Calculate accessibility the hard way.
1095     if (k == NULL) {
1096       is_accessible = false;
1097     } else if (k->class_loader() != accessor->class_loader() &&
1098                get_klass_by_name_impl(accessor, cpool, k->name(), true) == NULL) {
1099       // Loaded only remotely.  Not linked yet.
1100       is_accessible = false;
1101     } else {
1102       // Linked locally, and we must also check public/private, etc.
1103       is_accessible = check_klass_accessibility(accessor, k);
1104     }
1105     if (!is_accessible) {
1106       return NULL;
1107     }
1108     return k;
1109   }
1110 
1111   // It is known to be accessible, since it was found in the constant pool.
1112   is_accessible = true;
1113   return klass;
1114 }
1115 
1116 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1117 // Get a klass from the constant pool.
1118 Klass* JVMCIRuntime::get_klass_by_index(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
1119                                    int index,
1120                                    bool& is_accessible,
1121                                    Klass* accessor) {
1122   ResourceMark rm;
1123   Klass* result = get_klass_by_index_impl(cpool, index, is_accessible, accessor);
1124   return result;
1125 }
1126 
1127 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1128 // Implementation of get_field_by_index.
1129 //
1130 // Implementation note: the results of field lookups are cached
1131 // in the accessor klass.
1132 void JVMCIRuntime::get_field_by_index_impl(InstanceKlass* klass, fieldDescriptor& field_desc,
1133                                         int index) {
1134   JVMCI_EXCEPTION_CONTEXT;
1135 
1136   assert(klass->is_linked(), "must be linked before using its constant-pool");
1137 
1138   constantPoolHandle cpool(thread, klass->constants());
1139 
1140   // Get the field's name, signature, and type.
1141   Symbol* name  = cpool->name_ref_at(index);
1142 
1143   int nt_index = cpool->name_and_type_ref_index_at(index);
1144   int sig_index = cpool->signature_ref_index_at(nt_index);
1145   Symbol* signature = cpool->symbol_at(sig_index);
1146 
1147   // Get the field's declared holder.
1148   int holder_index = cpool->klass_ref_index_at(index);
1149   bool holder_is_accessible;
1150   Klass* declared_holder = get_klass_by_index(cpool, holder_index,
1151                                                holder_is_accessible,
1152                                                klass);
1153 
1154   // The declared holder of this field may not have been loaded.
1155   // Bail out with partial field information.
1156   if (!holder_is_accessible) {
1157     return;
1158   }
1159 
1160 
1161   // Perform the field lookup.
1162   Klass*  canonical_holder =
1163     InstanceKlass::cast(declared_holder)->find_field(name, signature, &field_desc);
1164   if (canonical_holder == NULL) {
1165     return;
1166   }
1167 
1168   assert(canonical_holder == field_desc.field_holder(), "just checking");
1169 }
1170 
1171 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1172 // Get a field by index from a klass's constant pool.
1173 void JVMCIRuntime::get_field_by_index(InstanceKlass* accessor, fieldDescriptor& fd, int index) {
1174   ResourceMark rm;
1175   return get_field_by_index_impl(accessor, fd, index);
1176 }
1177 
1178 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1179 // Perform an appropriate method lookup based on accessor, holder,
1180 // name, signature, and bytecode.
1181 methodHandle JVMCIRuntime::lookup_method(InstanceKlass* accessor,
1182                                Klass*        holder,
1183                                Symbol*       name,
1184                                Symbol*       sig,
1185                                Bytecodes::Code bc,
1186                                constantTag   tag) {
1187   // Accessibility checks are performed in JVMCIEnv::get_method_by_index_impl().
1188   assert(check_klass_accessibility(accessor, holder), "holder not accessible");
1189 
1190   methodHandle dest_method;
1191   LinkInfo link_info(holder, name, sig, accessor, LinkInfo::needs_access_check, tag);
1192   switch (bc) {
1193   case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
1194     dest_method =
1195       LinkResolver::resolve_static_call_or_null(link_info);
1196     break;
1197   case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
1198     dest_method =
1199       LinkResolver::resolve_special_call_or_null(link_info);
1200     break;
1201   case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
1202     dest_method =
1203       LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_interface_method_or_null(link_info);
1204     break;
1205   case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:
1206     dest_method =
1207       LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_virtual_method_or_null(link_info);
1208     break;
1209   default: ShouldNotReachHere();
1210   }
1211 
1212   return dest_method;
1213 }
1214 
1215 
1216 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1217 methodHandle JVMCIRuntime::get_method_by_index_impl(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
1218                                           int index, Bytecodes::Code bc,
1219                                           InstanceKlass* accessor) {
1220   if (bc == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
1221     ConstantPoolCacheEntry* cpce = cpool->invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(index);
1222     bool is_resolved = !cpce->is_f1_null();
1223     if (is_resolved) {
1224       // Get the invoker Method* from the constant pool.
1225       // (The appendix argument, if any, will be noted in the method's signature.)
1226       Method* adapter = cpce->f1_as_method();
1227       return methodHandle(adapter);
1228     }
1229 
1230     return NULL;
1231   }
1232 
1233   int holder_index = cpool->klass_ref_index_at(index);
1234   bool holder_is_accessible;
1235   Klass* holder = get_klass_by_index_impl(cpool, holder_index, holder_is_accessible, accessor);
1236 
1237   // Get the method's name and signature.
1238   Symbol* name_sym = cpool->name_ref_at(index);
1239   Symbol* sig_sym  = cpool->signature_ref_at(index);
1240 
1241   if (cpool->has_preresolution()
1242       || ((holder == SystemDictionary::MethodHandle_klass() || holder == SystemDictionary::VarHandle_klass()) &&
1243           MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_name(holder, name_sym))) {
1244     // Short-circuit lookups for JSR 292-related call sites.
1245     // That is, do not rely only on name-based lookups, because they may fail
1246     // if the names are not resolvable in the boot class loader (7056328).
1247     switch (bc) {
1248     case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:
1249     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
1250     case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
1251     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
1252       {
1253         Method* m = ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(cpool, index);
1254         if (m != NULL) {
1255           return m;
1256         }
1257       }
1258       break;
1259     default:
1260       break;
1261     }
1262   }
1263 
1264   if (holder_is_accessible) { // Our declared holder is loaded.
1265     constantTag tag = cpool->tag_ref_at(index);
1266     methodHandle m = lookup_method(accessor, holder, name_sym, sig_sym, bc, tag);
1267     if (!m.is_null()) {
1268       // We found the method.
1269       return m;
1270     }
1271   }
1272 
1273   // Either the declared holder was not loaded, or the method could
1274   // not be found.
1275 
1276   return NULL;
1277 }
1278 
1279 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1280 InstanceKlass* JVMCIRuntime::get_instance_klass_for_declared_method_holder(Klass* method_holder) {
1281   // For the case of <array>.clone(), the method holder can be an ArrayKlass*
1282   // instead of an InstanceKlass*.  For that case simply pretend that the
1283   // declared holder is Object.clone since that's where the call will bottom out.
1284   if (method_holder->is_instance_klass()) {
1285     return InstanceKlass::cast(method_holder);
1286   } else if (method_holder->is_array_klass()) {
1287     return InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass());
1288   } else {
1289     ShouldNotReachHere();
1290   }
1291   return NULL;
1292 }
1293 
1294 
1295 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1296 methodHandle JVMCIRuntime::get_method_by_index(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
1297                                      int index, Bytecodes::Code bc,
1298                                      InstanceKlass* accessor) {
1299   ResourceMark rm;
1300   return get_method_by_index_impl(cpool, index, bc, accessor);
1301 }
1302 
1303 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1304 // Check for changes to the system dictionary during compilation
1305 // class loads, evolution, breakpoints
1306 JVMCI::CodeInstallResult JVMCIRuntime::validate_compile_task_dependencies(Dependencies* dependencies, JVMCICompileState* compile_state, char** failure_detail) {
1307   // If JVMTI capabilities were enabled during compile, the compilation is invalidated.
1308   if (compile_state != NULL && compile_state->jvmti_state_changed()) {
1309     *failure_detail = (char*) "Jvmti state change during compilation invalidated dependencies";
1310     return JVMCI::dependencies_failed;
1311   }
1312 
1313   // Dependencies must be checked when the system dictionary changes
1314   // or if we don't know whether it has changed (i.e., compile_state == NULL).
1315   CompileTask* task = compile_state == NULL ? NULL : compile_state->task();
1316   Dependencies::DepType result = dependencies->validate_dependencies(task, failure_detail);
1317   if (result == Dependencies::end_marker) {
1318     return JVMCI::ok;
1319   }
1320 
1321   if (!Dependencies::is_klass_type(result) || compile_state == NULL) {
1322     return JVMCI::dependencies_failed;
1323   }
1324   // The dependencies were invalid at the time of installation
1325   // without any intervening modification of the system
1326   // dictionary.  That means they were invalidly constructed.
1327   return JVMCI::dependencies_invalid;
1328 }
1329 
1330 // Reports a pending exception and exits the VM.
1331 static void fatal_exception_in_compile(JVMCIEnv* JVMCIENV, JavaThread* thread, const char* msg) {
1332   // Only report a fatal JVMCI compilation exception once
1333   static volatile int report_init_failure = 0;
1334   if (!report_init_failure && Atomic::cmpxchg(1, &report_init_failure, 0) == 0) {
1335       tty->print_cr("%s:", msg);
1336       JVMCIENV->describe_pending_exception(true);
1337   }
1338   JVMCIENV->clear_pending_exception();
1339   before_exit(thread);
1340   vm_exit(-1);
1341 }
1342 
1343 void JVMCIRuntime::compile_method(JVMCIEnv* JVMCIENV, JVMCICompiler* compiler, const methodHandle& method, int entry_bci) {
1344   JVMCI_EXCEPTION_CONTEXT
1345 
1346   JVMCICompileState* compile_state = JVMCIENV->compile_state();
1347 
1348   bool is_osr = entry_bci != InvocationEntryBci;
1349   if (compiler->is_bootstrapping() && is_osr) {
1350     // no OSR compilations during bootstrap - the compiler is just too slow at this point,
1351     // and we know that there are no endless loops
1352     compile_state->set_failure(true, "No OSR during boostrap");
1353     return;
1354   }
1355   if (JVMCI::shutdown_called()) {
1356     compile_state->set_failure(false, "Avoiding compilation during shutdown");
1357     return;
1358   }
1359 
1360   HandleMark hm;
1361   JVMCIObject receiver = get_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime(JVMCIENV);
1362   if (JVMCIENV->has_pending_exception()) {
1363     fatal_exception_in_compile(JVMCIENV, thread, "Exception during HotSpotJVMCIRuntime initialization");
1364   }
1365   JVMCIObject jvmci_method = JVMCIENV->get_jvmci_method(method, JVMCIENV);
1366   if (JVMCIENV->has_pending_exception()) {
1367     JVMCIENV->describe_pending_exception(true);
1368     compile_state->set_failure(false, "exception getting JVMCI wrapper method");
1369     return;
1370   }
1371 
1372   JVMCIObject result_object = JVMCIENV->call_HotSpotJVMCIRuntime_compileMethod(receiver, jvmci_method, entry_bci,
1373                                                                      (jlong) compile_state, compile_state->task()->compile_id());
1374   if (!JVMCIENV->has_pending_exception()) {
1375     if (result_object.is_non_null()) {
1376       JVMCIObject failure_message = JVMCIENV->get_HotSpotCompilationRequestResult_failureMessage(result_object);
1377       if (failure_message.is_non_null()) {
1378         // Copy failure reason into resource memory first ...
1379         const char* failure_reason = JVMCIENV->as_utf8_string(failure_message);
1380         // ... and then into the C heap.
1381         failure_reason = os::strdup(failure_reason, mtJVMCI);
1382         bool retryable = JVMCIENV->get_HotSpotCompilationRequestResult_retry(result_object) != 0;
1383         compile_state->set_failure(retryable, failure_reason, true);
1384       } else {
1385         if (compile_state->task()->code() == NULL) {
1386           compile_state->set_failure(true, "no nmethod produced");
1387         } else {
1388           compile_state->task()->set_num_inlined_bytecodes(JVMCIENV->get_HotSpotCompilationRequestResult_inlinedBytecodes(result_object));
1389           compiler->inc_methods_compiled();
1390         }
1391       }
1392     } else {
1393       assert(false, "JVMCICompiler.compileMethod should always return non-null");
1394     }
1395   } else {
1396     // An uncaught exception here implies failure during compiler initialization.
1397     // The only sensible thing to do here is to exit the VM.
1398     fatal_exception_in_compile(JVMCIENV, thread, "Exception during JVMCI compiler initialization");
1399   }
1400   if (compiler->is_bootstrapping()) {
1401     compiler->set_bootstrap_compilation_request_handled();
1402   }
1403 }
1404 
1405 
1406 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1407 JVMCI::CodeInstallResult JVMCIRuntime::register_method(JVMCIEnv* JVMCIENV,
1408                                 const methodHandle& method,
1409                                 nmethod*& nm,
1410                                 int entry_bci,
1411                                 CodeOffsets* offsets,
1412                                 int orig_pc_offset,
1413                                 CodeBuffer* code_buffer,
1414                                 int frame_words,
1415                                 OopMapSet* oop_map_set,
1416                                 ExceptionHandlerTable* handler_table,
1417                                 ImplicitExceptionTable* implicit_exception_table,
1418                                 AbstractCompiler* compiler,
1419                                 DebugInformationRecorder* debug_info,
1420                                 Dependencies* dependencies,
1421                                 int compile_id,
1422                                 bool has_unsafe_access,
1423                                 bool has_wide_vector,
1424                                 JVMCIObject compiled_code,
1425                                 JVMCIObject nmethod_mirror,
1426                                 FailedSpeculation** failed_speculations,
1427                                 char* speculations,
1428                                 int speculations_len) {
1429   JVMCI_EXCEPTION_CONTEXT;
1430   nm = NULL;
1431   int comp_level = CompLevel_full_optimization;
1432   char* failure_detail = NULL;
1433 
1434   bool install_default = JVMCIENV->get_HotSpotNmethod_isDefault(nmethod_mirror) != 0;
1435   assert(JVMCIENV->isa_HotSpotNmethod(nmethod_mirror), "must be");
1436   JVMCIObject name = JVMCIENV->get_InstalledCode_name(nmethod_mirror);
1437   const char* nmethod_mirror_name = name.is_null() ? NULL : JVMCIENV->as_utf8_string(name);
1438   int nmethod_mirror_index;
1439   if (!install_default) {
1440     // Reserve or initialize mirror slot in the oops table.
1441     OopRecorder* oop_recorder = debug_info->oop_recorder();
1442     nmethod_mirror_index = oop_recorder->allocate_oop_index(nmethod_mirror.is_hotspot() ? nmethod_mirror.as_jobject() : NULL);
1443   } else {
1444     // A default HotSpotNmethod mirror is never tracked by the nmethod
1445     nmethod_mirror_index = -1;
1446   }
1447 
1448   JVMCI::CodeInstallResult result;
1449   {
1450     // To prevent compile queue updates.
1451     MutexLocker locker(MethodCompileQueue_lock, THREAD);
1452 
1453     // Prevent SystemDictionary::add_to_hierarchy from running
1454     // and invalidating our dependencies until we install this method.
1455     MutexLocker ml(Compile_lock);
1456 
1457     // Encode the dependencies now, so we can check them right away.
1458     dependencies->encode_content_bytes();
1459 
1460     // Record the dependencies for the current compile in the log
1461     if (LogCompilation) {
1462       for (Dependencies::DepStream deps(dependencies); deps.next(); ) {
1463         deps.log_dependency();
1464       }
1465     }
1466 
1467     // Check for {class loads, evolution, breakpoints} during compilation
1468     result = validate_compile_task_dependencies(dependencies, JVMCIENV->compile_state(), &failure_detail);
1469     if (result != JVMCI::ok) {
1470       // While not a true deoptimization, it is a preemptive decompile.
1471       MethodData* mdp = method()->method_data();
1472       if (mdp != NULL) {
1473         mdp->inc_decompile_count();
1474 #ifdef ASSERT
1475         if (mdp->decompile_count() > (uint)PerMethodRecompilationCutoff) {
1476           ResourceMark m;
1477           tty->print_cr("WARN: endless recompilation of %s. Method was set to not compilable.", method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
1478         }
1479 #endif
1480       }
1481 
1482       // All buffers in the CodeBuffer are allocated in the CodeCache.
1483       // If the code buffer is created on each compile attempt
1484       // as in C2, then it must be freed.
1485       //code_buffer->free_blob();
1486     } else {
1487       nm =  nmethod::new_nmethod(method,
1488                                  compile_id,
1489                                  entry_bci,
1490                                  offsets,
1491                                  orig_pc_offset,
1492                                  debug_info, dependencies, code_buffer,
1493                                  frame_words, oop_map_set,
1494                                  handler_table, implicit_exception_table,
1495                                  compiler, comp_level,
1496                                  speculations, speculations_len,
1497                                  nmethod_mirror_index, nmethod_mirror_name, failed_speculations);
1498 
1499 
1500       // Free codeBlobs
1501       if (nm == NULL) {
1502         // The CodeCache is full.  Print out warning and disable compilation.
1503         {
1504           MutexUnlocker ml(Compile_lock);
1505           MutexUnlocker locker(MethodCompileQueue_lock);
1506           CompileBroker::handle_full_code_cache(CodeCache::get_code_blob_type(comp_level));
1507         }
1508       } else {
1509         nm->set_has_unsafe_access(has_unsafe_access);
1510         nm->set_has_wide_vectors(has_wide_vector);
1511 
1512         // Record successful registration.
1513         // (Put nm into the task handle *before* publishing to the Java heap.)
1514         if (JVMCIENV->compile_state() != NULL) {
1515           JVMCIENV->compile_state()->task()->set_code(nm);
1516         }
1517 
1518         JVMCINMethodData* data = nm->jvmci_nmethod_data();
1519         assert(data != NULL, "must be");
1520         if (install_default) {
1521           assert(!nmethod_mirror.is_hotspot() || data->get_nmethod_mirror(nm, /* phantom_ref */ false) == NULL, "must be");
1522           if (entry_bci == InvocationEntryBci) {
1523             if (TieredCompilation) {
1524               // If there is an old version we're done with it
1525               CompiledMethod* old = method->code();
1526               if (TraceMethodReplacement && old != NULL) {
1527                 ResourceMark rm;
1528                 char *method_name = method->name_and_sig_as_C_string();
1529                 tty->print_cr("Replacing method %s", method_name);
1530               }
1531               if (old != NULL ) {
1532                 old->make_not_entrant();
1533               }
1534             }
1535 
1536             LogTarget(Info, nmethod, install) lt;
1537             if (lt.is_enabled()) {
1538               ResourceMark rm;
1539               char *method_name = method->name_and_sig_as_C_string();
1540               lt.print("Installing method (%d) %s [entry point: %p]",
1541                         comp_level, method_name, nm->entry_point());
1542             }
1543             // Allow the code to be executed
1544             method->set_code(method, nm);
1545           } else {
1546             LogTarget(Info, nmethod, install) lt;
1547             if (lt.is_enabled()) {
1548               ResourceMark rm;
1549               char *method_name = method->name_and_sig_as_C_string();
1550               lt.print("Installing osr method (%d) %s @ %d",
1551                         comp_level, method_name, entry_bci);
1552             }
1553             InstanceKlass::cast(method->method_holder())->add_osr_nmethod(nm);
1554           }
1555         } else {
1556           assert(!nmethod_mirror.is_hotspot() || data->get_nmethod_mirror(nm, /* phantom_ref */ false) == HotSpotJVMCI::resolve(nmethod_mirror), "must be");
1557         }
1558         nm->make_in_use();
1559       }
1560       result = nm != NULL ? JVMCI::ok :JVMCI::cache_full;
1561     }
1562   }
1563 
1564   // String creation must be done outside lock
1565   if (failure_detail != NULL) {
1566     // A failure to allocate the string is silently ignored.
1567     JVMCIObject message = JVMCIENV->create_string(failure_detail, JVMCIENV);
1568     JVMCIENV->set_HotSpotCompiledNmethod_installationFailureMessage(compiled_code, message);
1569   }
1570 
1571   // JVMTI -- compiled method notification (must be done outside lock)
1572   if (nm != NULL) {
1573     nm->post_compiled_method_load_event();
1574   }
1575 
1576   return result;
1577 }