1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  30 #include "code/codeCacheExtensions.hpp"
  31 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/cardTableRS.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagRangeList.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  50 #include "services/management.hpp"
  51 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  52 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  53 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  54 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  55 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  56 #include "gc/cms/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  57 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  58 #include "gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  59 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  60 
  61 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  62 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  63 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  64 
  65 #define UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(gc)                                     \
  66 do {                                                                  \
  67   if (gc) {                                                           \
  68     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(gc)) {                                        \
  69       warning(#gc " is not supported in this VM.  Using Serial GC."); \
  70     }                                                                 \
  71     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(gc, false);                                      \
  72   }                                                                   \
  73 } while(0)
  74 
  75 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  76 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  77 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  78 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  79 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  80 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  81 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  82 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  83 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  84 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  85 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  86 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  87 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  88 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  89 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  90 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  91 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  92 
  93 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  94 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  95 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  96 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  97 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  98 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  99 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
 100 
 101 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 102 
 103 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 104 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 105 
 106 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 107 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 108 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 109 
 110 
 111 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 112 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 113 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 114 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 115 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 116 
 117 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 118 
 119 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 120 // part of the option string.
 121 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 122                          const char** tail) {
 123   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 124   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 125     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 126     return true;
 127   } else {
 128     return false;
 129   }
 130 }
 131 
 132 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 133 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 134   const char* tail = NULL;
 135   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 136   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 137     return result;
 138   } else {
 139     return false;
 140   }
 141 }
 142 
 143 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 144 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 145 // the option must match exactly.
 146 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 147   bool tail_allowed) {
 148   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 149     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 150       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
 151         return true;
 152       }
 153     }
 154   }
 155   return false;
 156 }
 157 
 158 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 159   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 160     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 161   }
 162 }
 163 
 164 // Process java launcher properties.
 165 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 166   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 167   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 168   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 169   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 170   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 171     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 172     const char* tail;
 173 
 174     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 175       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 176       continue;
 177     }
 178     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 179       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 180         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 181       }
 182       continue;
 183     }
 184     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 185       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 186       continue;
 187     }
 188   }
 189 }
 190 
 191 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 192 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 193   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 194                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 195   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 196   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 197   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 198 
 199   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 200   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 201   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 202   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 203   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 204   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 205   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 206 
 207   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 208 
 209   // Add to System Property list.
 210   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 211   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 212   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 213   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 214   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 215 
 216   // Set OS specific system properties values
 217   os::init_system_properties_values();
 218 }
 219 
 220 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 221 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 222   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 223   char buffer[bufsz];
 224   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 225   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 226 
 227   spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 228   spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 229   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 230 
 231   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 232       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 233   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 234       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 235   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 236       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 237 }
 238 
 239 /**
 240  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 241  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 242  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 243  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 244  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 245  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 246  * But now that HSX is no longer supported only options with a future
 247  * accept_until value need to be listed, and the list can be pruned
 248  * on each major release.
 249  */
 250 typedef struct {
 251   const char* name;
 252   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 253   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 254 } ObsoleteFlag;
 255 
 256 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 257   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 258   { "SafepointPollOffset",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 259   { "UseBoundThreads",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 260   { "DefaultThreadPriority",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 261   { "NoYieldsInMicrolock",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 262   { "BackEdgeThreshold",             JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 263   { "UseNewReflection",              JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 264   { "ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors",JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 265   { "VerifyReflectionBytecodes",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 266   { "AutoShutdownNMT",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 267   { "NmethodSweepFraction",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 268   { "NmethodSweepCheckInterval",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 269   { "CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 270 #ifndef ZERO
 271   { "UseFastAccessorMethods",        JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 272   { "UseFastEmptyMethods",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 273 #endif // ZERO
 274   { "UseCompilerSafepoints",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 275   { "AdaptiveSizePausePolicy",       JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 276   { "ParallelGCRetainPLAB",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 277   { "ThreadSafetyMargin",            JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 278   { "LazyBootClassLoader",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 279   { "StarvationMonitorInterval",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 280   { "PreInflateSpin",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 281   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 282 };
 283 
 284 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 285 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 286 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 287 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 288 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 289   int i = 0;
 290   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 291   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 292     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 293     // <flag>=xxx form
 294     // [-|+]<flag> form
 295     size_t len = strlen(flag_status.name);
 296     if ((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, len) == 0) &&
 297         (strlen(s) == len)){
 298       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 299           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 300           return true;
 301       }
 302     }
 303     i++;
 304   }
 305   return false;
 306 }
 307 
 308 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 309 // components, in order:
 310 //
 311 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 312 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 313 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 314 //
 315 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 316 // complete.
 317 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 318 public:
 319   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 320   ~SysClassPath();
 321 
 322   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 323   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 324   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 325   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 326   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 327 
 328   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 329   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 330   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 331 
 332   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 333   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 334   char* combined_path();
 335 
 336 private:
 337   // Utility routines.
 338   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 339   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 340 
 341   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 342 
 343   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 344   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 345   enum {
 346     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 347     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 348     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 349     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 350   };
 351 
 352   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 353 };
 354 
 355 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 356   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 357   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 358 }
 359 
 360 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 361   // Free everything except the base.
 362   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 363     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 364   }
 365 }
 366 
 367 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 368   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 369 }
 370 
 371 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 372   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 373 }
 374 
 375 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 376   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 377 }
 378 
 379 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 380   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 381 }
 382 
 383 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 384   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 385   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 386     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index]);
 387     _items[index] = NULL;
 388   }
 389 }
 390 
 391 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 392   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 393   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 394   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 395   set_base(base);
 396 }
 397 
 398 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 399 
 400 
 401 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 402 // c-heap-allocated string.
 403 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 404   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 405 
 406   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 407   size_t total_len = 0;
 408 
 409   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 410 
 411   // Get the lengths.
 412   int i;
 413   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 414     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 415       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 416       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 417       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 418     }
 419   }
 420   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 421 
 422   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 423   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len, mtInternal);
 424   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 425   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 426     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 427       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 428       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 429       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 430     }
 431   }
 432   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 433   return cp;
 434 }
 435 
 436 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 437 char*
 438 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 439   char *cp;
 440 
 441   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 442   if (path == NULL) {
 443     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 444     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 445     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 446   } else {
 447     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 448     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 449     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 450     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 451 
 452     if (prepend) {
 453       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 454       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 455       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 456       cp_tmp += str_len;
 457       *cp_tmp = separator;
 458       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 459       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path);
 460     } else {
 461       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len, mtInternal);
 462       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 463       *cp_tmp = separator;
 464       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 465     }
 466   }
 467   return cp;
 468 }
 469 
 470 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 471 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 472 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 473   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 474   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 475 
 476   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 477   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 478   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 479   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 480 
 481   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 482   struct dirent *entry;
 483   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
 484   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 485     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 486     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 487     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 488       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 489        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 490     if (isJarOrZip) {
 491       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name), mtInternal);
 492       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 493       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 494       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath);
 495     }
 496   }
 497   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
 498   os::closedir(dir);
 499   return path;
 500 }
 501 
 502 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 503 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 504   julong n = 0;
 505   int args_read = 0;
 506   bool is_hex = false;
 507   // Skip leading 0[xX] for hexadecimal
 508   if (*s =='0' && (*(s+1) == 'x' || *(s+1) == 'X')) {
 509     s += 2;
 510     is_hex = true;
 511     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT_X, &n);
 512   } else {
 513     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 514   }
 515   if (args_read != 1) {
 516     return false;
 517   }
 518   while (*s != '\0' && (isdigit(*s) || (is_hex && isxdigit(*s)))) {
 519     s++;
 520   }
 521   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 522   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 523     return false;
 524   }
 525   switch (*s) {
 526     case 'T': case 't':
 527       *result = n * G * K;
 528       // Check for overflow.
 529       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 530       return true;
 531     case 'G': case 'g':
 532       *result = n * G;
 533       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 534       return true;
 535     case 'M': case 'm':
 536       *result = n * M;
 537       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 538       return true;
 539     case 'K': case 'k':
 540       *result = n * K;
 541       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 542       return true;
 543     case '\0':
 544       *result = n;
 545       return true;
 546     default:
 547       return false;
 548   }
 549 }
 550 
 551 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 552   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 553   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 554   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 555   return arg_in_range;
 556 }
 557 
 558 // Describe an argument out of range error
 559 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 560   switch(errcode) {
 561   case arg_too_big:
 562     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 563                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 564                 "representable size.\n");
 565     break;
 566   case arg_too_small:
 567   case arg_unreadable:
 568   case arg_in_range:
 569     // do nothing for now
 570     break;
 571   default:
 572     ShouldNotReachHere();
 573   }
 574 }
 575 
 576 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 577   if (CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 578     return true;
 579   } else {
 580     return false;
 581   }
 582 }
 583 
 584 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 585   double v;
 586   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 587     return false;
 588   }
 589 
 590   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 591     return true;
 592   }
 593   return false;
 594 }
 595 
 596 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 597   julong v;
 598   int int_v;
 599   intx intx_v;
 600   bool is_neg = false;
 601   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 602   if (*value == '-') {
 603     if ((CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v) != Flag::SUCCESS) && (CommandLineFlags::intAt(name, &int_v) != Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 604       return false;
 605     }
 606     value++;
 607     is_neg = true;
 608   }
 609   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 610     return false;
 611   }
 612   int_v = (int) v;
 613   if (is_neg) {
 614     int_v = -int_v;
 615   }
 616   if (CommandLineFlags::intAtPut(name, &int_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 617     return true;
 618   }
 619   uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 620   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintAtPut(name, &uint_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 621     return true;
 622   }
 623   intx_v = (intx) v;
 624   if (is_neg) {
 625     intx_v = -intx_v;
 626   }
 627   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 628     return true;
 629   }
 630   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 631   if (!is_neg && (CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 632     return true;
 633   }
 634   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 635   if (!is_neg && (CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 636     return true;
 637   }
 638   size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 639   if (!is_neg && (CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(name, &size_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 640     return true;
 641   }
 642   return false;
 643 }
 644 
 645 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 646   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 647   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 648   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 649   return true;
 650 }
 651 
 652 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 653   const char* old_value = "";
 654   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 655   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 656   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 657   const char* value;
 658   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 659   if (old_len == 0) {
 660     value = new_value;
 661   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 662     value = old_value;
 663   } else {
 664     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1, mtInternal);
 665     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 666     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 667     value = buf;
 668     free_this_too = buf;
 669   }
 670   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 671   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 672   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 673   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 674     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 675     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 676   }
 677   return true;
 678 }
 679 
 680 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 681 
 682   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 683 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 684 #define BUFLEN 255
 685   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 686   char dummy;
 687 
 688   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 689     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 690   }
 691   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 692     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 693   }
 694 
 695   char punct;
 696   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 697     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 698     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 699     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 700       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 701         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 702       } else {
 703         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 704           value = NULL;
 705         }
 706         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 707       }
 708     }
 709   }
 710 
 711   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 712     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 713     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 714     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 715       value = NULL;
 716     }
 717     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 718   }
 719 
 720 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 721 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 722 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 723   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 724   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 725   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 726     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 727     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 728       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 729     }
 730   }
 731 
 732 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 733   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 734     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 735   }
 736 
 737   return false;
 738 }
 739 
 740 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 741   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 742 
 743   if (arg == NULL) {
 744     return;
 745   }
 746 
 747   int new_count = *count + 1;
 748 
 749   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 750   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 751     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtInternal);
 752   } else {
 753     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtInternal);
 754   }
 755   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 756   *count = new_count;
 757 }
 758 
 759 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 760   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 761 }
 762 
 763 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 764   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 765 }
 766 
 767 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 768 // strings in a given char** array
 769 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 770   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 771     return NULL;
 772   }
 773   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 774   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 775     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 776   }
 777   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 778   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 779   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 780     strcat(s, " ");
 781     strcat(s, args[j]);
 782   }
 783   return (const char*) s;
 784 }
 785 
 786 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 787   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 788   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 789     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 790     st->cr();
 791   }
 792   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 793     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 794     st->cr();
 795   }
 796   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 797   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 798     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 799     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 800   }
 801   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 802 }
 803 
 804 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
 805   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
 806   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
 807   // flags are from setting file
 808   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 809     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
 810     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 811     st->cr();
 812   }
 813   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
 814   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
 815   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 816     print_jvm_args_on(st);
 817   }
 818   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
 819   if (java_command() != NULL) {
 820     st->print("%s", java_command());
 821   }
 822   st->cr();
 823 }
 824 
 825 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 826   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 827     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 828       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 829     }
 830   }
 831 }
 832 
 833 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 834   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 835     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 836       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 837     }
 838   }
 839 }
 840 
 841 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 842     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, Flag::Flags origin) {
 843 
 844   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 845 
 846   if (parse_argument(arg, origin) || ignore_unrecognized) {
 847     return true;
 848   }
 849 
 850   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
 851   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
 852   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
 853 
 854   size_t arg_len;
 855   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
 856   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
 857     arg_len = strlen(argname);
 858   } else {
 859     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
 860   }
 861 
 862   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
 863   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
 864     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
 865     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1];
 866     strncpy(stripped_argname, argname, arg_len);
 867     stripped_argname[arg_len] = '\0';  // strncpy may not null terminate.
 868 
 869     if (is_newly_obsolete(stripped_argname, &since)) {
 870       char version[256];
 871       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 872       warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
 873       return true;
 874     }
 875   }
 876 
 877   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
 878   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
 879   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
 880   if (found_flag != NULL) {
 881     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
 882     found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
 883     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
 884       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
 885         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 886           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 887       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
 888         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 889           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 890       } else {
 891         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 892           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 893       }
 894     } else {
 895       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
 896     }
 897   } else {
 898     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 899                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 900     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
 901     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
 902       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 903                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
 904                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
 905                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
 906                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
 907     }
 908   }
 909 
 910   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 911   return arg[0] == '#';
 912 }
 913 
 914 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 915   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 916   if (stream == NULL) {
 917     if (should_exist) {
 918       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 919                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 920       return false;
 921     } else {
 922       return true;
 923     }
 924   }
 925 
 926   char token[1024];
 927   int  pos = 0;
 928 
 929   bool in_white_space = true;
 930   bool in_comment     = false;
 931   bool in_quote       = false;
 932   char quote_c        = 0;
 933   bool result         = true;
 934 
 935   int c = getc(stream);
 936   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
 937     if (in_white_space) {
 938       if (in_comment) {
 939         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 940       } else {
 941         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 942         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 943           in_white_space = false;
 944           token[pos++] = c;
 945         }
 946       }
 947     } else {
 948       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 949         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 950         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 951         token[pos] = '\0';
 952         logOption(token);
 953         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 954         build_jvm_flags(token);
 955         pos = 0;
 956         in_white_space = true;
 957         in_quote = false;
 958       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 959         in_quote = true;
 960         quote_c = c;
 961       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 962         in_quote = false;
 963       } else {
 964         token[pos++] = c;
 965       }
 966     }
 967     c = getc(stream);
 968   }
 969   if (pos > 0) {
 970     token[pos] = '\0';
 971     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 972     build_jvm_flags(token);
 973   }
 974   fclose(stream);
 975   return result;
 976 }
 977 
 978 //=============================================================================================================
 979 // Parsing of properties (-D)
 980 
 981 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
 982   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
 983 }
 984 
 985 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
 986   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
 987   const char* key;
 988   const char* value = "";
 989 
 990   if (eq == NULL) {
 991     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
 992     key = prop;
 993   } else {
 994     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
 995     // allocated string
 996     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
 997     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtInternal);
 998 
 999     strncpy(tmp_key, prop, key_len);
1000     tmp_key[key_len] = '\0';
1001     key = tmp_key;
1002 
1003     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1004   }
1005 
1006   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1007     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1008     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1009   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1010              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1011     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1012     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1013     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1014   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1015     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1016   } else {
1017     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1018       if (_java_command != NULL) {
1019         os::free(_java_command);
1020       }
1021       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtInternal);
1022     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1023       if (_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1024         assert(_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1025         os::free((void *)_java_vendor_url_bug);
1026       }
1027       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1028       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1029       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtInternal);
1030     }
1031 
1032     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1033     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1034   }
1035 
1036   if (key != prop) {
1037     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1038     // memory
1039     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1040   }
1041 
1042   return true;
1043 }
1044 
1045 //===========================================================================================================
1046 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1047 
1048 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1049   // Set up default values for all flags.
1050   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1051   // add a default value for it here.
1052   set_java_compiler(false);
1053   _mode                      = mode;
1054 
1055   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1056   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1057   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1058                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1059 
1060   UseInterpreter             = true;
1061   UseCompiler                = true;
1062   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1063 
1064   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1065   // use the saved values
1066   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1067   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1068   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1069   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1070   if (TieredCompilation) {
1071     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1072       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1073     }
1074     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1075       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1076     }
1077   }
1078 
1079   // Change from defaults based on mode
1080   switch (mode) {
1081   default:
1082     ShouldNotReachHere();
1083     break;
1084   case _int:
1085     UseCompiler              = false;
1086     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1087     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1088     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1089     break;
1090   case _mixed:
1091     // same as default
1092     break;
1093   case _comp:
1094     UseInterpreter           = false;
1095     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1096     ClipInlining             = false;
1097     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1098     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1099     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1100     if (TieredCompilation) {
1101       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1102       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1103     }
1104     break;
1105   }
1106 }
1107 
1108 #if defined(COMPILER2) || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1109 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1110 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1111 
1112 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1113   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1114     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1115       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1116     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1117   } else {
1118     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1119   }
1120 }
1121 #endif
1122 
1123 // Returns threshold scaled with the value of scale.
1124 // If scale < 0.0, threshold is returned without scaling.
1125 intx Arguments::scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold, double scale) {
1126   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1127     return threshold;
1128   } else {
1129     return (intx)(threshold * scale);
1130   }
1131 }
1132 
1133 // Returns freq_log scaled with the value of scale.
1134 // Returned values are in the range of [0, InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1].
1135 // If scale < 0.0, freq_log is returned without scaling.
1136 intx Arguments::scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log, double scale) {
1137   // Check if scaling is necessary or if negative value was specified.
1138   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1139     return freq_log;
1140   }
1141   // Check values to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1142   if (scale == 0.0 || freq_log == 0) {
1143     return 0;
1144   }
1145   // Determine the maximum notification frequency value currently supported.
1146   // The largest mask value that the interpreter/C1 can handle is
1147   // of length InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits. Mask values are always
1148   // one bit shorter then the value of the notification frequency. Set
1149   // max_freq_bits accordingly.
1150   intx max_freq_bits = InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1;
1151   intx scaled_freq = scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log, scale);
1152   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1153     // Return 0 right away to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1154     return 0;
1155   } else if (scaled_freq > nth_bit(max_freq_bits)) {
1156     return max_freq_bits;
1157   } else {
1158     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1159   }
1160 }
1161 
1162 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1163   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1164   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1165     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1166   }
1167   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1168     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1169       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1170   }
1171   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1172   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1173     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1174                   MIN2(CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5));
1175   }
1176   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1177   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1178     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1179 
1180     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1181       // Multiply sizes by 5 but fix NonNMethodCodeHeapSize (distribute among non-profiled and profiled code heap)
1182       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1183         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, ProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1184       }
1185       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1186         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1187       }
1188       // Check consistency of code heap sizes
1189       if ((NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
1190         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1191                     "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
1192                     NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
1193                     (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
1194         vm_exit(1);
1195       }
1196     }
1197   }
1198   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1199     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1200     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1201   }
1202 
1203   if (CompileThresholdScaling < 0) {
1204     vm_exit_during_initialization("Negative value specified for CompileThresholdScaling", NULL);
1205   }
1206 
1207   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds.
1208   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves compilation thresholds unchanged.
1209   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
1210     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1211     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1212 
1213     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1214     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1215     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1216     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1217 
1218     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1219     // once these thresholds become supported.
1220 
1221     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1222     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1223 
1224     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1225     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1226 
1227     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1228 
1229     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1230     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1231     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1232     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1233   }
1234 }
1235 
1236 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1237 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1238   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1239     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1240       warning("disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1241               collector_name);
1242     }
1243     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1244   }
1245 }
1246 
1247 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1248   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1249          "control point invariant");
1250   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1251   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1252 
1253   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1254     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1255     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1256   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1257     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1258         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1259     vm_exit(1);
1260   }
1261 
1262   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1263   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1264   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1265   // See CR 6362902.
1266   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1267     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1268   }
1269   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1270     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1271   }
1272 
1273   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1274   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1275   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1276   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1277     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1278       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1279     }
1280     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1281   }
1282   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1283 }
1284 
1285 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1286 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1287 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1288 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1289 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1290   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1291   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1292   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1293 
1294   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1295   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1296 
1297   set_parnew_gc_flags();
1298 
1299   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1300                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1301 
1302   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1303   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1304   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1305 
1306   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1307   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1308   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1309     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * ParallelGCThreads));
1310   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1311     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1312 
1313   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1314   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1315 
1316   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1317   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1318   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1319 
1320     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1321     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1322     // preferred_max_new_size.
1323     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1324       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1325     } else {
1326       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1327     }
1328     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1329       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1330       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1331     }
1332 
1333     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1334     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1335       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1336       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1337            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1338            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1339            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1340     }
1341     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1342     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1343       min_new = NewSize;
1344     }
1345     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1346       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1347       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1348       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1349         FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1350         FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1351         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1352           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1353           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1354         }
1355       }
1356       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1357       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1358       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1359         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1360           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1361           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1362             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1363             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1364           }
1365         }
1366       }
1367     }
1368   }
1369   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1370   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1371   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1372       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1373     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1374   }
1375   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1376   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1377   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1378   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1379   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1380     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1381   }
1382 
1383   // OldPLABSize is interpreted in CMS as not the size of the PLAB in words,
1384   // but rather the number of free blocks of a given size that are used when
1385   // replenishing the local per-worker free list caches.
1386   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1387     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1388       // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1389       // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1390       // will slow down scavenges.
1391       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, OldPLABSize, CFLS_LAB::_default_static_old_plab_size); // default value before 6631166
1392     } else {
1393       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, CFLS_LAB::_default_dynamic_old_plab_size); // old CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim default
1394     }
1395   }
1396 
1397   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1398   // modification.
1399   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1400     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1401   }
1402 
1403   if (!ClassUnloading) {
1404     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSClassUnloadingEnabled, false);
1405     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses, false);
1406   }
1407 
1408   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1409     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1410       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1411     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", ConcGCThreads);
1412   }
1413 }
1414 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1415 
1416 void set_object_alignment() {
1417   // Object alignment.
1418   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1419   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1420   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1421   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1422   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1423   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1424 
1425   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1426   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1427 
1428   // Oop encoding heap max
1429   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1430 
1431   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1432     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1433   }
1434 
1435 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1436   // Set CMS global values
1437   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1438 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1439 }
1440 
1441 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1442   // Avoid sign flip.
1443   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1444   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1445   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1446   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1447   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1448   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1449                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1450 
1451   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1452   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1453 }
1454 
1455 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1456   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1457       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1458       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1459     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1460       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1461       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1462        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1463     }
1464     return true;
1465   }
1466   return false;
1467 }
1468 
1469 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1470 #ifndef ZERO
1471 #ifdef _LP64
1472   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1473   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1474   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1475   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1476 
1477   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1478 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1479     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1480       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1481     }
1482 #endif
1483   } else {
1484     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1485       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1486       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1487       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1488     }
1489   }
1490 #endif // _LP64
1491 #endif // ZERO
1492 }
1493 
1494 
1495 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1496 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1497 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1498 #ifndef ZERO
1499 #ifdef _LP64
1500   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1501   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1502     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1503       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1504     }
1505     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1506   } else {
1507     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1508     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1509       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1510     }
1511     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1512     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1513       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1514         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1515         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1516       }
1517     }
1518   }
1519 #endif // _LP64
1520 #endif // !ZERO
1521 }
1522 
1523 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1524   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1525   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1526   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1527   // with.
1528   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1529 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1530   if (UseParallelGC) {
1531     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1532   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1533     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1534   }
1535 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1536   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1537                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1538                                           os::max_page_size(),
1539                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1540 }
1541 
1542 void Arguments::select_gc_ergonomically() {
1543   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1544     if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1545       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1546     } else {
1547 #if defined(JAVASE_EMBEDDED)
1548       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1549 #else
1550       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseG1GC, true);
1551 #endif
1552     }
1553   } else {
1554     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseSerialGC, true);
1555   }
1556 }
1557 
1558 void Arguments::select_gc() {
1559   if (!gc_selected()) {
1560     select_gc_ergonomically();
1561     guarantee(gc_selected(), "No GC selected");
1562   }
1563 }
1564 
1565 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1566   select_gc();
1567 
1568 #ifdef COMPILER2
1569   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1570   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1571   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1572   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1573   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1574   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1575       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1576     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1577   }
1578 #endif
1579 
1580   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1581 
1582 #ifndef ZERO
1583 #ifdef _LP64
1584   set_use_compressed_oops();
1585 
1586   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1587   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1588   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1589 
1590   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1591   // in vm_version initialization code.
1592 #endif // _LP64
1593 #endif // !ZERO
1594 
1595   CodeCacheExtensions::set_ergonomics_flags();
1596 }
1597 
1598 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1599   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1600   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1601   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1602     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1603   }
1604   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1605 
1606   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1607   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1608   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1609                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1610   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1611     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1612         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1613     vm_exit(1);
1614   }
1615 
1616   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1617     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1618     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1619     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1620       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1621     }
1622     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1623       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1624     }
1625   }
1626 
1627   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1628   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1629   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1630   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1631   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1632     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1633        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1634     }
1635     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1636       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1637     }
1638   }
1639 
1640   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1641     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1642     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1643     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1644     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1645       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1646     }
1647   }
1648 }
1649 
1650 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1651   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1652 #ifdef COMPILER1
1653   FastTLABRefill = false;
1654 #endif
1655   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1656   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1657     assert(!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads), "The default value for ParallelGCThreads should not be 0.");
1658     vm_exit_during_initialization("The flag -XX:+UseG1GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0", NULL);
1659   }
1660 
1661 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1662   if (G1ConcRefinementThreads == 0) {
1663     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(G1ConcRefinementThreads, ParallelGCThreads);
1664   }
1665 #endif
1666 
1667   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1668   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1669   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1670   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1671   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1672     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1673   }
1674 
1675   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1676     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1677     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1678     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1679     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1680     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1681     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1682     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1683   }
1684 
1685   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1686     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1687       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1688     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", ConcGCThreads);
1689   }
1690 }
1691 
1692 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1693 #ifdef ASSERT
1694 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1695   return (UseSerialGC &&
1696         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC) || UseG1GC ||
1697           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1698 }
1699 #endif // ASSERT
1700 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1701 
1702 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1703 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1704   // Set per-collector flags
1705   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1706     set_parallel_gc_flags();
1707   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1708     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
1709   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1710     set_g1_gc_flags();
1711   }
1712   check_deprecated_gc_flags();
1713   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
1714     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1715       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
1716               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
1717               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
1718     }
1719   }
1720   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
1721     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1722     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
1723   }
1724 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1725   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
1726 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1727 }
1728 
1729 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1730   julong max_allocatable;
1731   julong result = limit;
1732   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1733     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1734   }
1735   return result;
1736 }
1737 
1738 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1739 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1740 
1741 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1742   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1743     // Deprecated flag
1744     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1745   }
1746 
1747   const julong phys_mem =
1748     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1749                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1750 
1751   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1752   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1753   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1754   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1755     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1756 
1757     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
1758       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1759       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
1760     } else {
1761       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1762       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1763       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1764     }
1765     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1766       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1767       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1768     }
1769     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1770       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1771       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1772 
1773       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1774       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1775         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1776           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1777           if (PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose)) {
1778             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1779                         "HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1780                         " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given "
1781                         SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
1782                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1783                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1784                         HeapBaseMinAddress);
1785           }
1786           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1787         }
1788       }
1789 
1790       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1791         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1792         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1793         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1794       }
1795       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1796     }
1797     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1798 
1799     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1800       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1801       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1802       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1803       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1804       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1805     }
1806 
1807     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1808       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1809       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1810     }
1811     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1812   }
1813 
1814   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1815   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1816   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1817     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1818 
1819     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1820 
1821     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1822 
1823     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1824       julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
1825 
1826       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1827       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1828 
1829       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1830 
1831       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1832         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1833         tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1834       }
1835       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1836     }
1837     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1838     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1839     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1840       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1841       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1842         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1843         tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1844       }
1845     }
1846   }
1847 }
1848 
1849 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1850 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1851   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1852     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1853   }
1854 }
1855 
1856 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1857 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1858 #ifdef COMPILER2
1859   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1860     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1861       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1862     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1863       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1864       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1865     }
1866     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1867       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1868     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1869       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1870       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1871     }
1872   }
1873   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1874     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1875       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1876     }
1877     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1878       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1879     }
1880 
1881     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1882     char buffer[1024];
1883     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1884     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1885       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1886     }
1887   }
1888   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
1889     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
1890   }
1891 #endif
1892 
1893   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1894 // Sample flag setting code
1895 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1896 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
1897 //    }
1898   }
1899 
1900   return JNI_OK;
1901 }
1902 
1903 //===========================================================================================================
1904 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1905 
1906 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
1907   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1908   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1909   // is also specified.
1910   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1911     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1912   }
1913 }
1914 
1915 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1916   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
1917 }
1918 
1919 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1920   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1921   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1922 }
1923 
1924 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
1925   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
1926 }
1927 
1928 //===========================================================================================================
1929 // Parsing of main arguments
1930 
1931 // check if do gclog rotation
1932 // +UseGCLogFileRotation is a must,
1933 // no gc log rotation when log file not supplied or
1934 // NumberOfGCLogFiles is 0
1935 void check_gclog_consistency() {
1936   if (UseGCLogFileRotation) {
1937     if ((Arguments::gc_log_filename() == NULL) || (NumberOfGCLogFiles == 0)) {
1938       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
1939                   "To enable GC log rotation, use -Xloggc:<filename> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=<num_of_files>\n"
1940                   "where num_of_file > 0\n"
1941                   "GC log rotation is turned off\n");
1942       UseGCLogFileRotation = false;
1943     }
1944   }
1945 
1946   if (UseGCLogFileRotation && (GCLogFileSize != 0) && (GCLogFileSize < 8*K)) {
1947     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, GCLogFileSize, 8*K) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
1948       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
1949                 "GCLogFileSize changed to minimum 8K\n");
1950     }
1951   }
1952 }
1953 
1954 // This function is called for -Xloggc:<filename>, it can be used
1955 // to check if a given file name(or string) conforms to the following
1956 // specification:
1957 // A valid string only contains "[A-Z][a-z][0-9].-_%[p|t]"
1958 // %p and %t only allowed once. We only limit usage of filename not path
1959 bool is_filename_valid(const char *file_name) {
1960   const char* p = file_name;
1961   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
1962   const char* cp;
1963   // skip prefix path
1964   for (cp = file_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
1965     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {
1966       p = cp + 1;
1967     }
1968   }
1969 
1970   int count_p = 0;
1971   int count_t = 0;
1972   while (*p != '\0') {
1973     if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
1974         (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
1975         (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
1976          *p == '-'               ||
1977          *p == '_'               ||
1978          *p == '.') {
1979        p++;
1980        continue;
1981     }
1982     if (*p == '%') {
1983       if(*(p + 1) == 'p') {
1984         p += 2;
1985         count_p ++;
1986         continue;
1987       }
1988       if (*(p + 1) == 't') {
1989         p += 2;
1990         count_t ++;
1991         continue;
1992       }
1993     }
1994     return false;
1995   }
1996   return count_p < 2 && count_t < 2;
1997 }
1998 
1999 // Check consistency of GC selection
2000 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2001   check_gclog_consistency();
2002   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2003   // of collectors.
2004   uint i = 0;
2005   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2006   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2007   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2008   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2009   if (i > 1) {
2010     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2011                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2012                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2013                 "allowed\n");
2014     return false;
2015   }
2016 
2017   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2018     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2019         "It is not possible to combine the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector.\n");
2020     return false;
2021   }
2022 
2023   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2024     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2025         "It is not possible to combine the ParNew young collector with any collector other than CMS.\n");
2026     return false;
2027   }
2028 
2029   return true;
2030 }
2031 
2032 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gc_flags() {
2033   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseParNewGC)) {
2034     warning("The UseParNewGC flag is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release");
2035   }
2036   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(MaxGCMinorPauseMillis)) {
2037     warning("Using MaxGCMinorPauseMillis as minor pause goal is deprecated"
2038             "and will likely be removed in future release");
2039   }
2040   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
2041     warning("DefaultMaxRAMFraction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release. "
2042         "Use MaxRAMFraction instead.");
2043   }
2044 }
2045 
2046 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2047 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2048   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2049   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2050   // before returning an error.
2051   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2052   bool status = true;
2053 
2054   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2055     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2056                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2057                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2058                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2059     status = false;
2060   }
2061 
2062   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2063     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2064   }
2065 
2066   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
2067     // Settings to encourage splitting.
2068     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
2069       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewRatio, 2) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2070         status = false;
2071       }
2072     }
2073     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2074       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2075         status = false;
2076       }
2077     }
2078   }
2079 
2080   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2081     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2082   }
2083 
2084   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2085     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2086     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2087   }
2088 
2089   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2090 
2091   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2092   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2093   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2094   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2095   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2096   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2097   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2098   // bug 4788986.
2099   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2100     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2101       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2102               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2103       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2104     }
2105 
2106     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2107       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2108               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2109       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2110     }
2111   }
2112 
2113   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
2114   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
2115       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
2116        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
2117     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2118                 "error: +ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
2119                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
2120     status = false;
2121   }
2122 
2123   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2124 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2125     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2126 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2127       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2128       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2129 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2130     }
2131 #endif
2132   }
2133 
2134   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2135   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2136   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2137   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2138     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2139                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2140                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2141     status = false;
2142   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2143     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2144                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2145                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2146     status = false;
2147   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2148     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2149                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2150                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2151     status = false;
2152   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
2153     // Code cache size larger than CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT is not supported.
2154     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2155                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2156                 CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT/M);
2157     status = false;
2158   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size){
2159     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2160                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2161                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2162     status = false;
2163   } else if ((!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize))
2164              && (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
2165     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2166                 "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
2167                 NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
2168                 (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
2169     status = false;
2170   }
2171 
2172   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2173     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2174   }
2175 
2176   return status;
2177 }
2178 
2179 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2180   const char* option_type) {
2181   if (ignore) return false;
2182 
2183   const char* spacer = " ";
2184   if (option_type == NULL) {
2185     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2186   }
2187 
2188   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2189     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2190                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2191       option->optionString);
2192     return false;
2193   } else {
2194     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2195                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2196       option->optionString);
2197     return true;
2198   }
2199 }
2200 
2201 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2202   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2203 };
2204 
2205 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2206   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2207 };
2208 
2209 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2210                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2211                             uintx min_size) {
2212 
2213   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
2214   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2215 
2216   if (value_is_positive) {
2217     julong n;
2218     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
2219     if (good_return) {
2220       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2221       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2222 
2223       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2224         *uintx_arg = n;
2225         return true;
2226       }
2227     }
2228   }
2229   return false;
2230 }
2231 
2232 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2233                                                   julong* long_arg,
2234                                                   julong min_size) {
2235   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2236   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2237 }
2238 
2239 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2240 
2241 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2242                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2243                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2244   // For components of the system classpath.
2245   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
2246   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
2247 
2248   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2249   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2250   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2251   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2252   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2253   if (TieredCompilation) {
2254     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2255     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2256   }
2257 
2258   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2259   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2260 
2261   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2262   // variable (if present).
2263   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(
2264       java_tool_options_args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2265   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2266     return result;
2267   }
2268 
2269   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2270   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required,
2271                                   Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2272   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2273     return result;
2274   }
2275 
2276   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2277   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2278   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(
2279       java_options_args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2280   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2281     return result;
2282   }
2283 
2284   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2285   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2286   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2287     return result;
2288   }
2289 
2290   return JNI_OK;
2291 }
2292 
2293 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2294 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2295 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2296 // -agentlib
2297 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2298   char *_name;
2299   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2300   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2301 
2302   if (is_path) {
2303     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2304       return false;
2305     }
2306 
2307     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2308     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2309 
2310     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2311       return false;
2312     }
2313 
2314     _name += _len_prefix;
2315     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2316 
2317     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2318       _name += _len_jdwp;
2319     }
2320     else {
2321       return false;
2322     }
2323 
2324     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2325       return false;
2326     }
2327 
2328     return true;
2329   }
2330 
2331   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2332     return true;
2333   }
2334 
2335   return false;
2336 }
2337 
2338 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2339                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2340                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2341                                        Flag::Flags origin) {
2342   // Remaining part of option string
2343   const char* tail;
2344 
2345   // iterate over arguments
2346   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2347     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2348 
2349     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2350 
2351     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2352         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2353         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2354 
2355         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2356         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2357         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2358         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2359         // string constant object.
2360         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2361     }
2362 
2363     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2364     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2365       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2366         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2367           return JNI_EINVAL;
2368         }
2369         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2370           return JNI_EINVAL;
2371         }
2372       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2373         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2374           return JNI_EINVAL;
2375         }
2376       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2377         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2378           return JNI_EINVAL;
2379         }
2380       }
2381     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2382     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2383     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2384     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2385       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2386       if (*tail == '\0') {
2387         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2388       } else {
2389         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2390         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2391       }
2392     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2393     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2394       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2395       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2396     // -bootclasspath:
2397     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2398       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2399       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2400     // -bootclasspath/a:
2401     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2402       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2403       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2404     // -bootclasspath/p:
2405     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2406       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2407       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2408     // -Xrun
2409     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2410       if (tail != NULL) {
2411         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2412         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2413         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2414         name[len] = '\0';
2415 
2416         char *options = NULL;
2417         if(pos != NULL) {
2418           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2419           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtInternal), pos+1, len2);
2420         }
2421 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2422         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2423           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2424             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2425           return JNI_ERR;
2426         }
2427 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2428         add_init_library(name, options);
2429       }
2430     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2431     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2432           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2433       if(tail != NULL) {
2434         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2435         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2436         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2437         name[len] = '\0';
2438 
2439         char *options = NULL;
2440         if(pos != NULL) {
2441           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtInternal);
2442         }
2443 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2444         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2445           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2446             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2447           return JNI_ERR;
2448         }
2449 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2450         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2451       }
2452     // -javaagent
2453     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2454 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2455       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2456         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2457       return JNI_ERR;
2458 #else
2459       if(tail != NULL) {
2460         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1, mtInternal), tail);
2461         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2462       }
2463 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2464     // -Xnoclassgc
2465     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2466       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2467         return JNI_EINVAL;
2468       }
2469     // -Xconcgc
2470     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2471       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2472         return JNI_EINVAL;
2473       }
2474     // -Xnoconcgc
2475     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2476       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2477         return JNI_EINVAL;
2478       }
2479     // -Xbatch
2480     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2481       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2482         return JNI_EINVAL;
2483       }
2484     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2485     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2486       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2487       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2488       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2489         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2490                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2491         describe_range_error(errcode);
2492         return JNI_EINVAL;
2493       }
2494       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2495         return JNI_EINVAL;
2496       }
2497       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2498         return JNI_EINVAL;
2499       }
2500     // -Xms
2501     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2502       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2503       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2504       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2505       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2506         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2507                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2508         describe_range_error(errcode);
2509         return JNI_EINVAL;
2510       }
2511       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2512       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2513       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2514       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2515         return JNI_EINVAL;
2516       }
2517     // -Xmx
2518     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2519       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2520       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2521       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2522         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2523                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2524         describe_range_error(errcode);
2525         return JNI_EINVAL;
2526       }
2527       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2528         return JNI_EINVAL;
2529       }
2530     // Xmaxf
2531     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2532       char* err;
2533       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2534       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2535         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2536                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2537                     option->optionString);
2538         return JNI_EINVAL;
2539       } else {
2540         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2541             return JNI_EINVAL;
2542         }
2543       }
2544     // Xminf
2545     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2546       char* err;
2547       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2548       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2549         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2550                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2551                     option->optionString);
2552         return JNI_EINVAL;
2553       } else {
2554         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2555           return JNI_EINVAL;
2556         }
2557       }
2558     // -Xss
2559     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2560       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2561       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2562       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2563         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2564                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2565         describe_range_error(errcode);
2566         return JNI_EINVAL;
2567       }
2568       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2569       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2570                        round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2571         return JNI_EINVAL;
2572       }
2573     // -Xoss, -Xsqnopause, -Xoptimize, -Xboundthreads
2574     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail) ||
2575                match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause") ||
2576                match_option(option, "-Xoptimize") ||
2577                match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads")) {
2578       // All these options are deprecated in JDK 9 and will be removed in a future release
2579       char version[256];
2580       JDK_Version::jdk(9).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2581       warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2582     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2583       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2584       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2585       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2586         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2587                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2588                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2589         return JNI_EINVAL;
2590       }
2591       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2592         return JNI_EINVAL;
2593       }
2594     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2595                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2596       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2597 
2598       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2599       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2600         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2601                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2602         return JNI_EINVAL;
2603       }
2604       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2605         return JNI_EINVAL;
2606       }
2607       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2608     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2609       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2610 
2611       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2612       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2613         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2614                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2615         return JNI_EINVAL;
2616       }
2617       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2618         return JNI_EINVAL;
2619       }
2620       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
2621     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2622       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2623 
2624       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2625       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2626         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2627                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2628         return JNI_EINVAL;
2629       }
2630       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2631         return JNI_EINVAL;
2632       }
2633       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
2634     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2635       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2636 
2637       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2638       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2639         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2640                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2641         return JNI_EINVAL;
2642       }
2643       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2644         return JNI_EINVAL;
2645       }
2646     // -green
2647     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2648       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2649                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2650           return JNI_EINVAL;
2651     // -native
2652     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2653           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2654     // -Xrs
2655     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2656           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2657       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2658         return JNI_EINVAL;
2659       }
2660     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs")) {
2661           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
2662       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2663         return JNI_EINVAL;
2664       }
2665     // -Xprof
2666     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2667 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
2668       _has_profile = true;
2669 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
2670       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2671         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
2672       return JNI_ERR;
2673 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
2674     // -Xconcurrentio
2675     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
2676       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2677         return JNI_EINVAL;
2678       }
2679       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2680         return JNI_EINVAL;
2681       }
2682       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2683         return JNI_EINVAL;
2684       }
2685       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2686         return JNI_EINVAL;
2687       }
2688       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2689         return JNI_EINVAL;
2690       }
2691 
2692       // -Xinternalversion
2693     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2694       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2695                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2696       vm_exit(0);
2697 #ifndef PRODUCT
2698     // -Xprintflags
2699     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2700       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2701       vm_exit(0);
2702 #endif
2703     // -D
2704     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2705       const char* value;
2706       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2707             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2708         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2709         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2710           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2711           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2712         return JNI_EINVAL;
2713       }
2714       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2715             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2716         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2717         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2718           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2719         return JNI_EINVAL;
2720       }
2721 
2722       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2723         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2724       }
2725       // Out of the box management support
2726       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2727 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2728         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2729           return JNI_EINVAL;
2730         }
2731 #else
2732         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2733           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2734         return JNI_ERR;
2735 #endif
2736       }
2737     // -Xint
2738     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2739           set_mode_flags(_int);
2740     // -Xmixed
2741     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2742           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2743     // -Xcomp
2744     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2745       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2746           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2747     // -Xshare:dump
2748     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2749       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2750         return JNI_EINVAL;
2751       }
2752       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2753     // -Xshare:on
2754     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2755       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2756         return JNI_EINVAL;
2757       }
2758       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2759         return JNI_EINVAL;
2760       }
2761     // -Xshare:auto
2762     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2763       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2764         return JNI_EINVAL;
2765       }
2766       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2767         return JNI_EINVAL;
2768       }
2769     // -Xshare:off
2770     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2771       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2772         return JNI_EINVAL;
2773       }
2774       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2775         return JNI_EINVAL;
2776       }
2777     // -Xverify
2778     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2779       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2780         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2781           return JNI_EINVAL;
2782         }
2783         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2784           return JNI_EINVAL;
2785         }
2786       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2787         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2788           return JNI_EINVAL;
2789         }
2790         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2791           return JNI_EINVAL;
2792         }
2793       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2794         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2795           return JNI_EINVAL;
2796         }
2797         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2798           return JNI_EINVAL;
2799         }
2800       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2801         return JNI_EINVAL;
2802       }
2803     // -Xdebug
2804     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2805       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2806       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2807     // -Xnoagent
2808     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
2809       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2810     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2811       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2812       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
2813       // to initialize a fileStream.
2814       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2815      if (!is_filename_valid(_gc_log_filename)) {
2816        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2817                   "Invalid file name for use with -Xloggc: Filename can only contain the "
2818                   "characters [A-Z][a-z][0-9]-_.%%[p|t] but it has been %s\n"
2819                   "Note %%p or %%t can only be used once\n", _gc_log_filename);
2820         return JNI_EINVAL;
2821       }
2822       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2823         return JNI_EINVAL;
2824       }
2825       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2826         return JNI_EINVAL;
2827       }
2828     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
2829       bool ret = false;
2830       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
2831         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(defaultStream::output_stream());
2832         vm_exit(0);
2833       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
2834         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
2835         ret = true;
2836       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
2837         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
2838         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
2839       } else if (*tail == ':') {
2840         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
2841       }
2842       if (ret == false) {
2843         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2844                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s'\n",
2845                     tail);
2846         return JNI_EINVAL;
2847       }
2848     // JNI hooks
2849     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2850       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2851 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2852         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
2853 #else
2854         CheckJNICalls = true;
2855 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2856       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2857                                      "check")) {
2858         return JNI_EINVAL;
2859       }
2860     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
2861       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2862     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
2863       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2864     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
2865       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2866     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
2867     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap")) {
2868 
2869       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
2870       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
2871       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
2872       // amounts of cpu and memory.
2873 
2874       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
2875       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
2876       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
2877       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
2878       // calculations.
2879       julong initHeapSize;
2880       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
2881 
2882       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
2883         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2884                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
2885         vm_exit(1);
2886       }
2887 
2888       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
2889       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
2890       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
2891       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
2892 
2893       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
2894                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
2895 
2896       initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
2897 
2898       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
2899          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2900            return JNI_EINVAL;
2901          }
2902          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2903            return JNI_EINVAL;
2904          }
2905          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2906          set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
2907       }
2908       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
2909          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
2910          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
2911                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2912            return JNI_EINVAL;
2913          }
2914          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2915            return JNI_EINVAL;
2916          }
2917       }
2918 
2919 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
2920       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
2921 #endif
2922 
2923       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
2924       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2925         return JNI_EINVAL;
2926       }
2927       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2928         return JNI_EINVAL;
2929       }
2930       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256*K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2931         return JNI_EINVAL;
2932       }
2933 
2934       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
2935       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
2936       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
2937       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256*K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {      // Note: this is in words
2938         return JNI_EINVAL;
2939       }
2940 
2941       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
2942       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
2943       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
2944       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
2945       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
2946       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
2947       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
2948       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
2949       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
2950       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
2951       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
2952       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
2953       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
2954       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8*K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // Note: this is in words
2955         return JNI_EINVAL;
2956       }
2957 
2958       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
2959       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2960         return JNI_EINVAL;
2961       }
2962       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
2963                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
2964 
2965       // Encourage steady state memory management
2966       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2967         return JNI_EINVAL;
2968       }
2969 
2970       // This appears to improve mutator locality
2971       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2972         return JNI_EINVAL;
2973       }
2974 
2975       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
2976       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
2977       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
2978       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2979         return JNI_EINVAL;
2980       }
2981 
2982     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
2983     // and the last option wins.
2984     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
2985       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2986         return JNI_EINVAL;
2987       }
2988       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2989         return JNI_EINVAL;
2990       }
2991       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2992         return JNI_EINVAL;
2993       }
2994     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
2995       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2996         return JNI_EINVAL;
2997       }
2998       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2999         return JNI_EINVAL;
3000       }
3001       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3002         return JNI_EINVAL;
3003       }
3004     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3005       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3006       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3007         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3008                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
3009         return JNI_EINVAL;
3010       }
3011 
3012       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3013         return JNI_EINVAL;
3014       }
3015 
3016       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3017         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3018           return JNI_EINVAL;
3019         }
3020         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3021           return JNI_EINVAL;
3022         }
3023       } else {
3024         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3025           return JNI_EINVAL;
3026         }
3027         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3028           return JNI_EINVAL;
3029         }
3030       }
3031     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3032       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3033         return JNI_EINVAL;
3034       }
3035       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3036         return JNI_EINVAL;
3037       }
3038     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3039       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3040         return JNI_EINVAL;
3041       }
3042       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3043         return JNI_EINVAL;
3044       }
3045     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3046 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3047       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3048         return JNI_EINVAL;
3049       }
3050       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3051         return JNI_EINVAL;
3052       }
3053       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3054         return JNI_EINVAL;
3055       }
3056       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3057         return JNI_EINVAL;
3058       }
3059 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3060       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3061                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3062       return JNI_EINVAL;
3063 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3064 #ifdef ASSERT
3065     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
3066       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3067         return JNI_EINVAL;
3068       }
3069       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3070       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3071         return JNI_EINVAL;
3072       }
3073 #endif
3074     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
3075                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
3076       julong stack_size = 0;
3077       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
3078       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3079         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3080                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3081         describe_range_error(errcode);
3082         return JNI_EINVAL;
3083       }
3084       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3085         "Please use -XX:MarkStackSize in place of "
3086         "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize or -XX:G1MarkStackSize in the future\n");
3087       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MarkStackSize, stack_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3088         return JNI_EINVAL;
3089       }
3090     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
3091       julong max_stack_size = 0;
3092       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
3093       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3094         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3095                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
3096                     option->optionString);
3097         describe_range_error(errcode);
3098         return JNI_EINVAL;
3099       }
3100       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3101          "Please use -XX:MarkStackSizeMax in place of "
3102          "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax in the future\n");
3103       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3104         return JNI_EINVAL;
3105       }
3106     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
3107                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
3108       uintx conc_threads = 0;
3109       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
3110         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3111                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
3112         return JNI_EINVAL;
3113       }
3114       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3115         "Please use -XX:ConcGCThreads in place of "
3116         "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads or -XX:ParallelCMSThreads in the future\n");
3117       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uint, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3118         return JNI_EINVAL;
3119       }
3120     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=", &tail)) {
3121       julong max_direct_memory_size = 0;
3122       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_direct_memory_size, 0);
3123       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3124         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3125                     "Invalid maximum direct memory size: %s\n",
3126                     option->optionString);
3127         describe_range_error(errcode);
3128         return JNI_EINVAL;
3129       }
3130       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxDirectMemorySize, max_direct_memory_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3131         return JNI_EINVAL;
3132       }
3133 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3134     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3135         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3136           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3137         return JNI_ERR;
3138 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3139     // CreateMinidumpOnCrash is removed, and replaced by CreateCoredumpOnCrash
3140     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CreateMinidumpOnCrash")) {
3141       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CreateCoredumpOnCrash, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3142         return JNI_EINVAL;
3143       }
3144       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3145           "CreateMinidumpOnCrash is replaced by CreateCoredumpOnCrash: CreateCoredumpOnCrash is on\n");
3146     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-CreateMinidumpOnCrash")) {
3147       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CreateCoredumpOnCrash, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3148         return JNI_EINVAL;
3149       }
3150       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3151           "CreateMinidumpOnCrash is replaced by CreateCoredumpOnCrash: CreateCoredumpOnCrash is off\n");
3152     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3153       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
3154       // already been handled
3155       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
3156           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
3157         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3158           return JNI_EINVAL;
3159         }
3160       }
3161     // Unknown option
3162     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3163       return JNI_ERR;
3164     }
3165   }
3166 
3167   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3168   //   -Xshare:on
3169   //   -XX:+TraceClassPaths
3170   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3171     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3172       return JNI_EINVAL;
3173     }
3174     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3175       return JNI_EINVAL;
3176     }
3177     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassPaths, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3178       return JNI_EINVAL;
3179     }
3180   }
3181 
3182   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3183   // when working with older JDKs.
3184 #ifdef LINUX
3185  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3186       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3187     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3188   }
3189 #endif // LINUX
3190   fix_appclasspath();
3191   return JNI_OK;
3192 }
3193 
3194 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3195 //
3196 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3197 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3198 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3199 // path is treated as the current directory.
3200 //
3201 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3202 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3203 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3204 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3205 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3206   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3207     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3208     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3209 
3210     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3211     while (*src == separator) {
3212       src ++;
3213     }
3214 
3215     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtInternal);
3216 
3217     // trim all trailing empty paths
3218     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3219       *tail = '\0';
3220     }
3221 
3222     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3223     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3224     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3225       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3226       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3227     }
3228 
3229     _java_class_path->set_value(copy);
3230     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3231   }
3232 
3233   if (!PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3234     ClassLoader::trace_class_path("[classpath: ", _java_class_path->value());
3235   }
3236 }
3237 
3238 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3239   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3240   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3241 
3242   struct dirent *entry;
3243   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
3244   bool hasJarFile = false;
3245   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3246     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3247     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3248     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3249   }
3250   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
3251   os::closedir(dir);
3252   return hasJarFile ;
3253 }
3254 
3255 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path) {
3256   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3257   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3258   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3259   while (path < end) {
3260     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3261     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3262       if (has_jar_files(path)) {
3263         nonEmptyDirs++;
3264         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3265           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", path);
3266       }
3267       path = end;
3268     } else {
3269       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
3270       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3271       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3272       if (has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3273         nonEmptyDirs++;
3274         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3275           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", dirpath);
3276       }
3277       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
3278       path = tmp_end + 1;
3279     }
3280   }
3281   return nonEmptyDirs;
3282 }
3283 
3284 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
3285   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3286   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3287   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3288   sprintf(path, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3289 
3290   if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3291     int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3292     // check endorsed directory
3293     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(path);
3294     // check the extension directories
3295     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs());
3296     if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3297       return JNI_ERR;
3298     }
3299   }
3300 
3301   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3302   if (dir != NULL) {
3303     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3304       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3305       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3306     os::closedir(dir);
3307     return JNI_ERR;
3308   }
3309 
3310   sprintf(path, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3311   dir = os::opendir(path);
3312   if (dir != NULL) {
3313     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3314       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3315       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3316     os::closedir(dir);
3317     return JNI_ERR;
3318   }
3319 
3320   if (scp_assembly_required) {
3321     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
3322     char *combined_path = scp_p->combined_path();
3323     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(combined_path);
3324     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, combined_path);
3325   }
3326 
3327   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3328   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3329   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3330     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3331     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3332     // not specified.
3333     set_mode_flags(_int);
3334   }
3335 
3336   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3337   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3338   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3339   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3340     set_mode_flags(_int);
3341   }
3342 
3343   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3344   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3345     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3346   }
3347 
3348 #ifndef COMPILER2
3349   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3350   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3351       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3352     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3353     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3354     // Java heap and the code cache.
3355     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3356   }
3357 
3358 #else
3359   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3360     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3361   }
3362 #endif
3363 
3364 #ifndef TIERED
3365   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3366   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation, "TieredCompilation");
3367 #endif
3368 
3369   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3370   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3371   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3372   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3373     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3374     if (headless == NULL) {
3375       const char *headless_env = ::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS");
3376       if (headless_env == NULL) {
3377         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3378           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3379         }
3380       } else {
3381         char buffer[256];
3382         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "java.awt.headless=%s", headless_env);
3383         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3384           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3385         }
3386       }
3387     }
3388   }
3389 
3390   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC) && !UseParNewGC) {
3391     // CMS can only be used with ParNew
3392     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
3393   }
3394 
3395   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3396     return JNI_ERR;
3397   }
3398 
3399   return JNI_OK;
3400 }
3401 
3402 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3403 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3404 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3405 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3406  private:
3407   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3408   bool           _is_set;
3409 
3410  public:
3411   ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3412     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3413     _args.nOptions = 0;
3414     _args.options = NULL;
3415     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3416     _is_set = false;
3417   }
3418 
3419   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3420   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3421   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3422   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3423   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3424   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3425     _is_set = true;
3426     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3427         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtInternal);
3428     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3429       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3430     }
3431     _args.options = options_arr;
3432 
3433     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3434       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3435       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3436       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3437         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3438         _args.nOptions = i;
3439         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3440       }
3441     }
3442 
3443     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3444     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3445     return JNI_OK;
3446   }
3447 
3448   JavaVMInitArgs* get() { return &_args; }
3449   bool is_set()         { return _is_set; }
3450 
3451   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3452     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3453     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3454       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3455     }
3456     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3457   }
3458 
3459   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3460   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3461   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3462               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3463               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3464     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3465     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3466     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3467 
3468     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3469     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtInternal)
3470               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3471     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3472       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3473         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3474         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3475         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3476           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3477         }
3478       } else {
3479         options->push(args->options[i]);
3480       }
3481     }
3482     // make into options array
3483     jint result = set_args(options);
3484     delete options;
3485     return result;
3486   }
3487 };
3488 
3489 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3490   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3491 }
3492 
3493 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3494   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3495 }
3496 
3497 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3498                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3499   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3500 
3501   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3502   // (e.g. unix su command).
3503   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3504     return JNI_OK;
3505   }
3506 
3507   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3508     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3509   }
3510 
3511   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3512 
3513   os::free(buffer);
3514   return retcode;
3515 }
3516 
3517 const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
3518 
3519 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3520   // read file into buffer
3521   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3522   if (fd < 0) {
3523     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3524                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3525                 file_name);
3526     return JNI_ERR;
3527   }
3528 
3529   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3530   int bytes_alloc = OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE + 1;
3531 
3532   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtInternal);
3533   if (NULL == buf) {
3534     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3535                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3536     os::close(fd);
3537     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3538   }
3539 
3540   memset(buf, 0, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3541 
3542   // Fill buffer
3543   // Use ::read() instead of os::read because os::read()
3544   // might do a thread state transition
3545   // and it is too early for that here
3546 
3547   int bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3548   os::close(fd);
3549   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3550     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3551     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3552                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3553     return JNI_ERR;
3554   }
3555 
3556   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3557     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3558     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3559     return JNI_OK;
3560   }
3561 
3562   // file is larger than OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE
3563   if (bytes_read > bytes_alloc - 1) {
3564     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3565     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3566                 "Options file '%s' is larger than %d bytes.\n",
3567                 file_name, bytes_alloc - 1);
3568     return JNI_EINVAL;
3569   }
3570 
3571   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3572 
3573   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3574   return retcode;
3575 }
3576 
3577 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3578   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtInternal) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3579 
3580   // some pointers to help with parsing
3581   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3582   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3583   char *wrt = buffer;
3584   char *rd = buffer;
3585 
3586   // parse all options
3587   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3588     // skip leading white space from the input string
3589     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3590       rd++;
3591     }
3592 
3593     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3594       break;
3595     }
3596 
3597     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3598     opt_hd = wrt;
3599 
3600     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3601     // by one or more white spaces.
3602     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3603       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3604         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3605         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3606         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3607                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3608                                             // up until the close quote
3609           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3610         }
3611 
3612         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3613           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3614         } else {
3615                                             // did not see closing quote
3616           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3617                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3618           delete options;
3619           return JNI_ERR;
3620         }
3621       } else {
3622         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3623       }
3624     }
3625 
3626     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3627     *wrt++ = '\0';
3628     // We now have a complete token
3629 
3630     JavaVMOption option;
3631     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3632 
3633     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3634 
3635     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3636   }
3637 
3638   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3639   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3640 
3641   delete options;
3642   return status;
3643 }
3644 
3645 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3646   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3647     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3648       warning("cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3649     }
3650     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3651 #ifdef _LP64
3652     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3653       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3654         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3655     }
3656   } else {
3657     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3658       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3659     }
3660 #endif
3661   }
3662 }
3663 
3664 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3665 static void force_serial_gc() {
3666   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
3667   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseG1GC);
3668   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
3669   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
3670   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
3671   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
3672 }
3673 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3674 
3675 // Sharing support
3676 // Construct the path to the archive
3677 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3678   char *shared_archive_path;
3679   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3680     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3681     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3682     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3683     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3684     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3685     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3686     const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3687     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
3688     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3689       jio_snprintf(shared_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3690         jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3691     }
3692   } else {
3693     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtInternal);
3694   }
3695   return shared_archive_path;
3696 }
3697 
3698 #ifndef PRODUCT
3699 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3700 static bool use_vm_log() {
3701   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3702       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3703       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3704       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3705       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3706     return true;
3707   }
3708 
3709 #ifdef COMPILER1
3710   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3711     return true;
3712   }
3713 #endif // COMPILER1
3714 
3715 #ifdef COMPILER2
3716   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3717     return true;
3718   }
3719 #endif // COMPILER2
3720 
3721   return false;
3722 }
3723 
3724 #endif // PRODUCT
3725 
3726 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3727                                        char** flags_file,
3728                                        char** vm_options_file,
3729                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3730                                        ScopedVMInitArgs *vm_options_file_args,
3731                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3732   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(*vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3733   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3734     return code;
3735   }
3736 
3737   // Now set global settings from the vm_option file, giving an error if
3738   // it has VMOptionsFile in it
3739   code = match_special_option_and_act(vm_options_file_args->get(), flags_file,
3740                                       NULL, NULL, NULL);
3741   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3742     return code;
3743   }
3744 
3745   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3746     return 0;
3747   }
3748 
3749   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3750                           vm_options_file_pos);
3751 }
3752 
3753 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3754                                              char ** flags_file,
3755                                              char ** vm_options_file,
3756                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3757                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3758   // Remaining part of option string
3759   const char* tail;
3760   int   vm_options_file_pos = -1;
3761 
3762   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3763     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3764     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3765       continue;
3766     }
3767     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3768       *flags_file = (char *) tail;
3769       if (*flags_file == NULL) {
3770         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3771                     "Cannot copy flags_file name.\n");
3772         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3773       }
3774       continue;
3775     }
3776     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3777       if (vm_options_file != NULL) {
3778         // The caller accepts -XX:VMOptionsFile
3779         if (*vm_options_file != NULL) {
3780           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3781                       "Only one VM Options file is supported "
3782                       "on the command line\n");
3783           return JNI_EINVAL;
3784         }
3785 
3786         *vm_options_file = (char *) tail;
3787         vm_options_file_pos = index;  // save position of -XX:VMOptionsFile
3788         if (*vm_options_file == NULL) {
3789           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3790                       "Cannot copy vm_options_file name.\n");
3791           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3792         }
3793       } else {
3794         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3795                     "VM options file is only supported on the command line\n");
3796         return JNI_EINVAL;
3797       }
3798       continue;
3799     }
3800     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3801       PrintVMOptions = true;
3802       continue;
3803     }
3804     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3805       PrintVMOptions = false;
3806       continue;
3807     }
3808     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3809       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3810       continue;
3811     }
3812     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3813       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3814       continue;
3815     }
3816     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3817       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3818       vm_exit(0);
3819     }
3820     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3821 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3822       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3823       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3824         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3825       }
3826 
3827       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3828       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3829         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3830         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3831           MemTracker::init();
3832         }
3833       } else {
3834         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3835       }
3836       continue;
3837 #else
3838       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3839         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3840       return JNI_ERR;
3841 #endif
3842     }
3843 
3844 #ifndef PRODUCT
3845     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3846       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3847       vm_exit(0);
3848     }
3849 #endif
3850   }
3851 
3852   // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that (also can set flags_file)
3853   if ((vm_options_file != NULL) && (*vm_options_file != NULL)) {
3854     return insert_vm_options_file(args, flags_file, vm_options_file,
3855                                   vm_options_file_pos, vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3856   }
3857   return JNI_OK;
3858 }
3859 
3860 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3861   const char* tail;
3862   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3863     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3864     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3865       logOption(tail);
3866     }
3867   }
3868 }
3869 
3870 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3871 
3872 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3873 
3874   // Initialize ranges and constraints
3875   CommandLineFlagRangeList::init();
3876   CommandLineFlagConstraintList::init();
3877 
3878   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3879   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3880   char* flags_file = NULL;
3881   char* vm_options_file = NULL;
3882   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3883   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3884   ScopedVMInitArgs java_tool_options_args;
3885   ScopedVMInitArgs java_options_args;
3886   ScopedVMInitArgs modified_cmd_line_args;
3887   // Pass in vm_options_file_args to keep memory for flags_file from being
3888   // deallocated if found in the vm options file.
3889   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args;
3890 
3891   jint code =
3892       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&java_tool_options_args);
3893   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3894     return code;
3895   }
3896 
3897   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&java_options_args);
3898   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3899     return code;
3900   }
3901 
3902   code = match_special_option_and_act(java_tool_options_args.get(),
3903                                       &flags_file, NULL, NULL, NULL);
3904   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3905     return code;
3906   }
3907 
3908   code = match_special_option_and_act(args, &flags_file, &vm_options_file,
3909                                       &vm_options_file_args,
3910                                       &modified_cmd_line_args);
3911   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3912     return code;
3913   }
3914 
3915 
3916   // The command line arguments have been modified to include VMOptionsFile arguments.
3917   if (modified_cmd_line_args.is_set()) {
3918     args = modified_cmd_line_args.get();
3919   }
3920 
3921   code = match_special_option_and_act(java_options_args.get(), &flags_file,
3922                                       NULL, NULL, NULL);
3923   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3924     return code;
3925   }
3926 
3927   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
3928 
3929   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3930     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
3931     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
3932     java_tool_options_args.get()->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3933     java_options_args.get()->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3934   }
3935 
3936   // Parse specified settings file
3937   if (settings_file_specified) {
3938     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3939       return JNI_EINVAL;
3940     }
3941   } else {
3942 #ifdef ASSERT
3943     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3944     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3945       return JNI_EINVAL;
3946     }
3947 #else
3948     struct stat buf;
3949     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3950       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3951     }
3952 #endif
3953   }
3954 
3955   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3956     print_options(java_tool_options_args.get());
3957     print_options(args);
3958     print_options(java_options_args.get());
3959   }
3960 
3961   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3962   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(java_tool_options_args.get(),
3963                                    java_options_args.get(),
3964                                    args);   // command line arguments
3965 
3966   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3967     return result;
3968   }
3969 
3970   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3971   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3972   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3973     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3974   }
3975 
3976   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3977   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3978     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
3979   }
3980 
3981   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3982   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3983   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3984     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3985             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3986             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3987   }
3988 
3989 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
3990   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages, "-XX:+UseLargePages");
3991 #endif
3992 
3993   ArgumentsExt::report_unsupported_options();
3994 
3995 #ifndef PRODUCT
3996   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3997     TraceBytecodes = true;
3998   }
3999   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
4000     if (UseCounterDecay) {
4001       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
4002       UseCounterDecay = false;
4003     }
4004   }
4005 #endif // PRODUCT
4006 
4007   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
4008     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
4009       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
4010     }
4011     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
4012   }
4013 
4014   if (PrintGCDetails) {
4015     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
4016     PrintGC = true;
4017   }
4018 
4019   // Set object alignment values.
4020   set_object_alignment();
4021 
4022 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
4023   force_serial_gc();
4024 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
4025 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
4026   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
4027     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4028       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
4029     return JNI_ERR;
4030   }
4031   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
4032     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
4033     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
4034     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
4035   }
4036   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
4037 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
4038 
4039   return JNI_OK;
4040 }
4041 
4042 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
4043 
4044   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
4045   set_ergonomics_flags();
4046 
4047   set_shared_spaces_flags();
4048 
4049   // Check the GC selections again.
4050   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
4051     return JNI_EINVAL;
4052   }
4053 
4054   if (TieredCompilation) {
4055     set_tiered_flags();
4056   } else {
4057     int max_compilation_policy_choice = 1;
4058 #ifdef COMPILER2
4059     max_compilation_policy_choice = 2;
4060 #endif
4061     // Check if the policy is valid.
4062     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= max_compilation_policy_choice) {
4063       vm_exit_during_initialization(
4064         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
4065     }
4066     // Scale CompileThreshold
4067     // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves CompileThreshold unchanged.
4068     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
4069       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
4070     }
4071   }
4072 
4073 #ifdef COMPILER2
4074 #ifndef PRODUCT
4075   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
4076     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
4077   }
4078 #endif
4079 #endif
4080 
4081   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4082   set_heap_size();
4083 
4084   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
4085 
4086   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
4087   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4088 
4089   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4090   set_bytecode_flags();
4091 
4092   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
4093   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4094   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4095     return code;
4096   }
4097 
4098   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4099   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
4100   // biased locking
4101   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4102 #ifdef COMPILER1
4103       || !UseFastLocking
4104 #endif // COMPILER1
4105     ) {
4106     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4107       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4108       // can't enable biased locking here
4109       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4110               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4111     }
4112     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4113   }
4114 
4115 #ifdef ZERO
4116   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4117   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4118   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4119   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4120   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4121 #endif // CC_INTERP
4122 
4123 #ifdef COMPILER2
4124   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4125     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4126   }
4127   if (!Inline) {
4128     IncrementalInline = false;
4129   }
4130 #ifndef PRODUCT
4131   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4132     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4133   }
4134 #endif
4135   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4136     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4137     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4138   }
4139 #endif
4140 
4141   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4142     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4143     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4144   }
4145 
4146   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4147     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4148   }
4149 
4150 #ifndef PRODUCT
4151   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4152     if (use_vm_log()) {
4153       LogVMOutput = true;
4154     }
4155   }
4156 #endif // PRODUCT
4157 
4158   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4159     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4160   }
4161 
4162   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4163   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4164     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4165         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4166       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4167     }
4168   }
4169 #ifdef COMPILER2
4170   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4171     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4172   }
4173 #endif
4174 
4175   return JNI_OK;
4176 }
4177 
4178 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4179   if (UseNUMA) {
4180     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4181       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4182          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4183       }
4184     }
4185     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4186     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4187     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4188     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4189     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4190     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4191     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4192     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4193     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4194       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4195     }
4196   }
4197   return JNI_OK;
4198 }
4199 
4200 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4201   int count = 0;
4202   while(pl != NULL) {
4203     count++;
4204     pl = pl->next();
4205   }
4206   return count;
4207 }
4208 
4209 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4210   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4211   SystemProperty* prop;
4212   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4213     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4214   }
4215   return NULL;
4216 }
4217 
4218 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4219   int count = 0;
4220   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4221 
4222   while(pl != NULL) {
4223     if(count >= index) {
4224       ret_val = pl->key();
4225       break;
4226     }
4227     count++;
4228     pl = pl->next();
4229   }
4230 
4231   return ret_val;
4232 }
4233 
4234 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4235   int count = 0;
4236   char* ret_val = NULL;
4237 
4238   while(pl != NULL) {
4239     if(count >= index) {
4240       ret_val = pl->value();
4241       break;
4242     }
4243     count++;
4244     pl = pl->next();
4245   }
4246 
4247   return ret_val;
4248 }
4249 
4250 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4251   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4252   if (p == NULL) {
4253     *plist = new_p;
4254   } else {
4255     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4256       p = p->next();
4257     }
4258     p->set_next(new_p);
4259   }
4260 }
4261 
4262 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v) {
4263   if (plist == NULL)
4264     return;
4265 
4266   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
4267   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4268 }
4269 
4270 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4271   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4272 }
4273 
4274 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4275 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v, jboolean append) {
4276   if (plist == NULL)
4277     return;
4278 
4279   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4280   SystemProperty* prop;
4281   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4282     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4283       if (append) {
4284         prop->append_value(v);
4285       } else {
4286         prop->set_value(v);
4287       }
4288       return;
4289     }
4290   }
4291 
4292   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
4293 }
4294 
4295 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4296 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4297 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4298 // Notes:
4299 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4300 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4301 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4302 // expanded one.
4303 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4304 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4305                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4306   const char* p = src;
4307   char* b = buf;
4308   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4309   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4310 
4311   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4312     if (*p == '%') {
4313       switch (*(++p)) {
4314       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4315         *b++ = *p++;
4316         break;
4317       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4318         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4319         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4320         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4321         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4322 
4323         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4324         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4325         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4326           return false;
4327         } else {
4328           b += ret;
4329           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4330           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4331             // reach the end of the buffer.
4332             return true;
4333           }
4334         }
4335         p++;
4336         break;
4337       }
4338       default :
4339         *b++ = '%';
4340       }
4341     } else {
4342       *b++ = *p++;
4343     }
4344   }
4345   *b = '\0';
4346   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4347 }