1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include <fcntl.h>
  26 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  27 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  28 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
  29 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
  30 #include "prims/whitebox.hpp"
  31 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  32 #include "runtime/atomic.inline.hpp"
  33 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  34 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  35 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  36 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
  39 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  40 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  41 #include "utilities/decoder.hpp"
  42 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  43 #include "utilities/errorReporter.hpp"
  44 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
  45 #include "utilities/top.hpp"
  46 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
  47 
  48 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC
  49 
  50 // List of environment variables that should be reported in error log file.
  51 const char *env_list[] = {
  52   // All platforms
  53   "JAVA_HOME", "JRE_HOME", "JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", "_JAVA_OPTIONS", "CLASSPATH",
  54   "JAVA_COMPILER", "PATH", "USERNAME",
  55 
  56   // Env variables that are defined on Solaris/Linux/BSD
  57   "LD_LIBRARY_PATH", "LD_PRELOAD", "SHELL", "DISPLAY",
  58   "HOSTTYPE", "OSTYPE", "ARCH", "MACHTYPE",
  59 
  60   // defined on Linux
  61   "LD_ASSUME_KERNEL", "_JAVA_SR_SIGNUM",
  62 
  63   // defined on Darwin
  64   "DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", "DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH",
  65   "DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH", "DYLD_FALLBACK_FRAMEWORK_PATH",
  66   "DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES",
  67 
  68   // defined on Windows
  69   "OS", "PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER", "_ALT_JAVA_HOME_DIR",
  70 
  71   (const char *)0
  72 };
  73 
  74 // Fatal error handler for internal errors and crashes.
  75 //
  76 // The default behavior of fatal error handler is to print a brief message
  77 // to standard out (defaultStream::output_fd()), then save detailed information
  78 // into an error report file (hs_err_pid<pid>.log) and abort VM. If multiple
  79 // threads are having troubles at the same time, only one error is reported.
  80 // The thread that is reporting error will abort VM when it is done, all other
  81 // threads are blocked forever inside report_and_die().
  82 
  83 // Constructor for crashes
  84 VMError::VMError(Thread* thread, unsigned int sig, address pc, void* siginfo, void* context) {
  85     _thread = thread;
  86     _id = sig;
  87     _pc   = pc;
  88     _siginfo = siginfo;
  89     _context = context;
  90 
  91     _verbose = false;
  92     _current_step = 0;
  93     _current_step_info = NULL;
  94 
  95     _message = NULL;
  96     _detail_msg = NULL;
  97     _filename = NULL;
  98     _lineno = 0;
  99 
 100     _size = 0;
 101 }
 102 
 103 // Constructor for internal errors
 104 VMError::VMError(Thread* thread, const char* filename, int lineno,
 105                  const char* message, const char * detail_msg)
 106 {
 107   _thread = thread;
 108   _id = INTERNAL_ERROR;     // Value that's not an OS exception/signal
 109   _filename = filename;
 110   _lineno = lineno;
 111   _message = message;
 112   _detail_msg = detail_msg;
 113 
 114   _verbose = false;
 115   _current_step = 0;
 116   _current_step_info = NULL;
 117 
 118   _pc = NULL;
 119   _siginfo = NULL;
 120   _context = NULL;
 121 
 122   _size = 0;
 123 }
 124 
 125 // Constructor for OOM errors
 126 VMError::VMError(Thread* thread, const char* filename, int lineno, size_t size,
 127                  VMErrorType vm_err_type, const char* message) {
 128     _thread = thread;
 129     _id = vm_err_type; // Value that's not an OS exception/signal
 130     _filename = filename;
 131     _lineno = lineno;
 132     _message = message;
 133     _detail_msg = NULL;
 134 
 135     _verbose = false;
 136     _current_step = 0;
 137     _current_step_info = NULL;
 138 
 139     _pc = NULL;
 140     _siginfo = NULL;
 141     _context = NULL;
 142 
 143     _size = size;
 144 }
 145 
 146 
 147 // Constructor for non-fatal errors
 148 VMError::VMError(const char* message) {
 149     _thread = NULL;
 150     _id = INTERNAL_ERROR;     // Value that's not an OS exception/signal
 151     _filename = NULL;
 152     _lineno = 0;
 153     _message = message;
 154     _detail_msg = NULL;
 155 
 156     _verbose = false;
 157     _current_step = 0;
 158     _current_step_info = NULL;
 159 
 160     _pc = NULL;
 161     _siginfo = NULL;
 162     _context = NULL;
 163 
 164     _size = 0;
 165 }
 166 
 167 // -XX:OnError=<string>, where <string> can be a list of commands, separated
 168 // by ';'. "%p" is replaced by current process id (pid); "%%" is replaced by
 169 // a single "%". Some examples:
 170 //
 171 // -XX:OnError="pmap %p"                // show memory map
 172 // -XX:OnError="gcore %p; dbx - %p"     // dump core and launch debugger
 173 // -XX:OnError="cat hs_err_pid%p.log | mail my_email@sun.com"
 174 // -XX:OnError="kill -9 %p"             // ?#!@#
 175 
 176 // A simple parser for -XX:OnError, usage:
 177 //  ptr = OnError;
 178 //  while ((cmd = next_OnError_command(buffer, sizeof(buffer), &ptr) != NULL)
 179 //     ... ...
 180 static char* next_OnError_command(char* buf, int buflen, const char** ptr) {
 181   if (ptr == NULL || *ptr == NULL) return NULL;
 182 
 183   const char* cmd = *ptr;
 184 
 185   // skip leading blanks or ';'
 186   while (*cmd == ' ' || *cmd == ';') cmd++;
 187 
 188   if (*cmd == '\0') return NULL;
 189 
 190   const char * cmdend = cmd;
 191   while (*cmdend != '\0' && *cmdend != ';') cmdend++;
 192 
 193   Arguments::copy_expand_pid(cmd, cmdend - cmd, buf, buflen);
 194 
 195   *ptr = (*cmdend == '\0' ? cmdend : cmdend + 1);
 196   return buf;
 197 }
 198 
 199 
 200 static void print_bug_submit_message(outputStream *out, Thread *thread) {
 201   if (out == NULL) return;
 202   out->print_raw_cr("# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:");
 203   out->print_raw   ("#   ");
 204   out->print_raw_cr(Arguments::java_vendor_url_bug());
 205   // If the crash is in native code, encourage user to submit a bug to the
 206   // provider of that code.
 207   if (thread && thread->is_Java_thread() &&
 208       !thread->is_hidden_from_external_view()) {
 209     JavaThread* jt = (JavaThread*)thread;
 210     if (jt->thread_state() == _thread_in_native) {
 211       out->print_cr("# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.\n# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.");
 212     }
 213   }
 214   out->print_raw_cr("#");
 215 }
 216 
 217 bool VMError::coredump_status;
 218 char VMError::coredump_message[O_BUFLEN];
 219 
 220 void VMError::record_coredump_status(const char* message, bool status) {
 221   coredump_status = status;
 222   strncpy(coredump_message, message, sizeof(coredump_message));
 223   coredump_message[sizeof(coredump_message)-1] = 0;
 224 }
 225 
 226 
 227 // Return a string to describe the error
 228 char* VMError::error_string(char* buf, int buflen) {
 229   char signame_buf[64];
 230   const char *signame = os::exception_name(_id, signame_buf, sizeof(signame_buf));
 231 
 232   if (signame) {
 233     jio_snprintf(buf, buflen,
 234                  "%s (0x%x) at pc=" PTR_FORMAT ", pid=%d, tid=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
 235                  signame, _id, _pc,
 236                  os::current_process_id(), os::current_thread_id());
 237   } else if (_filename != NULL && _lineno > 0) {
 238     // skip directory names
 239     char separator = os::file_separator()[0];
 240     const char *p = strrchr(_filename, separator);
 241     int n = jio_snprintf(buf, buflen,
 242                          "Internal Error at %s:%d, pid=%d, tid=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
 243                          p ? p + 1 : _filename, _lineno,
 244                          os::current_process_id(), os::current_thread_id());
 245     if (n >= 0 && n < buflen && _message) {
 246       if (_detail_msg) {
 247         jio_snprintf(buf + n, buflen - n, "%s%s: %s",
 248                      os::line_separator(), _message, _detail_msg);
 249       } else {
 250         jio_snprintf(buf + n, buflen - n, "%sError: %s",
 251                      os::line_separator(), _message);
 252       }
 253     }
 254   } else {
 255     jio_snprintf(buf, buflen,
 256                  "Internal Error (0x%x), pid=%d, tid=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
 257                  _id, os::current_process_id(), os::current_thread_id());
 258   }
 259 
 260   return buf;
 261 }
 262 
 263 void VMError::print_stack_trace(outputStream* st, JavaThread* jt,
 264                                 char* buf, int buflen, bool verbose) {
 265 #ifdef ZERO
 266   if (jt->zero_stack()->sp() && jt->top_zero_frame()) {
 267     // StackFrameStream uses the frame anchor, which may not have
 268     // been set up.  This can be done at any time in Zero, however,
 269     // so if it hasn't been set up then we just set it up now and
 270     // clear it again when we're done.
 271     bool has_last_Java_frame = jt->has_last_Java_frame();
 272     if (!has_last_Java_frame)
 273       jt->set_last_Java_frame();
 274     st->print("Java frames:");
 275 
 276     // If the top frame is a Shark frame and the frame anchor isn't
 277     // set up then it's possible that the information in the frame
 278     // is garbage: it could be from a previous decache, or it could
 279     // simply have never been written.  So we print a warning...
 280     StackFrameStream sfs(jt);
 281     if (!has_last_Java_frame && !sfs.is_done()) {
 282       if (sfs.current()->zeroframe()->is_shark_frame()) {
 283         st->print(" (TOP FRAME MAY BE JUNK)");
 284       }
 285     }
 286     st->cr();
 287 
 288     // Print the frames
 289     for(int i = 0; !sfs.is_done(); sfs.next(), i++) {
 290       sfs.current()->zero_print_on_error(i, st, buf, buflen);
 291       st->cr();
 292     }
 293 
 294     // Reset the frame anchor if necessary
 295     if (!has_last_Java_frame)
 296       jt->reset_last_Java_frame();
 297   }
 298 #else
 299   if (jt->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 300     st->print_cr("Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code)");
 301     for(StackFrameStream sfs(jt); !sfs.is_done(); sfs.next()) {
 302       sfs.current()->print_on_error(st, buf, buflen, verbose);
 303       st->cr();
 304     }
 305   }
 306 #endif // ZERO
 307 }
 308 
 309 // This is the main function to report a fatal error. Only one thread can
 310 // call this function, so we don't need to worry about MT-safety. But it's
 311 // possible that the error handler itself may crash or die on an internal
 312 // error, for example, when the stack/heap is badly damaged. We must be
 313 // able to handle recursive errors that happen inside error handler.
 314 //
 315 // Error reporting is done in several steps. If a crash or internal error
 316 // occurred when reporting an error, the nested signal/exception handler
 317 // can skip steps that are already (or partially) done. Error reporting will
 318 // continue from the next step. This allows us to retrieve and print
 319 // information that may be unsafe to get after a fatal error. If it happens,
 320 // you may find nested report_and_die() frames when you look at the stack
 321 // in a debugger.
 322 //
 323 // In general, a hang in error handler is much worse than a crash or internal
 324 // error, as it's harder to recover from a hang. Deadlock can happen if we
 325 // try to grab a lock that is already owned by current thread, or if the
 326 // owner is blocked forever (e.g. in os::infinite_sleep()). If possible, the
 327 // error handler and all the functions it called should avoid grabbing any
 328 // lock. An important thing to notice is that memory allocation needs a lock.
 329 //
 330 // We should avoid using large stack allocated buffers. Many errors happen
 331 // when stack space is already low. Making things even worse is that there
 332 // could be nested report_and_die() calls on stack (see above). Only one
 333 // thread can report error, so large buffers are statically allocated in data
 334 // segment.
 335 
 336 void VMError::report(outputStream* st) {
 337 # define BEGIN if (_current_step == 0) { _current_step = 1;
 338 # define STEP(n, s) } if (_current_step < n) { _current_step = n; _current_step_info = s;
 339 # define END }
 340 
 341   // don't allocate large buffer on stack
 342   static char buf[O_BUFLEN];
 343 
 344   BEGIN
 345 
 346   STEP(10, "(printing fatal error message)")
 347 
 348     st->print_cr("#");
 349     if (should_report_bug(_id)) {
 350       st->print_cr("# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:");
 351     } else {
 352       st->print_cr("# There is insufficient memory for the Java "
 353                    "Runtime Environment to continue.");
 354     }
 355 
 356 #ifndef PRODUCT
 357   // Error handler self tests
 358 
 359   // test secondary error handling. Test it twice, to test that resetting
 360   // error handler after a secondary crash works.
 361   STEP(11, "(test secondary crash 1)")
 362     if (_verbose && TestCrashInErrorHandler != 0) {
 363       st->print_cr("Will crash now (TestCrashInErrorHandler=%d)...",
 364         TestCrashInErrorHandler);
 365       controlled_crash(TestCrashInErrorHandler);
 366     }
 367 
 368   STEP(12, "(test secondary crash 2)")
 369     if (_verbose && TestCrashInErrorHandler != 0) {
 370       st->print_cr("Will crash now (TestCrashInErrorHandler=%d)...",
 371         TestCrashInErrorHandler);
 372       controlled_crash(TestCrashInErrorHandler);
 373     }
 374 
 375   STEP(13, "(test safefetch in error handler)")
 376     // test whether it is safe to use SafeFetch32 in Crash Handler. Test twice
 377     // to test that resetting the signal handler works correctly.
 378     if (_verbose && TestSafeFetchInErrorHandler) {
 379       st->print_cr("Will test SafeFetch...");
 380       if (CanUseSafeFetch32()) {
 381         int* const invalid_pointer = (int*) get_segfault_address();
 382         const int x = 0x76543210;
 383         int i1 = SafeFetch32(invalid_pointer, x);
 384         int i2 = SafeFetch32(invalid_pointer, x);
 385         if (i1 == x && i2 == x) {
 386           st->print_cr("SafeFetch OK."); // Correctly deflected and returned default pattern
 387         } else {
 388           st->print_cr("??");
 389         }
 390       } else {
 391         st->print_cr("not possible; skipped.");
 392       }
 393     }
 394 #endif // PRODUCT
 395 
 396   STEP(15, "(printing type of error)")
 397 
 398      switch(_id) {
 399        case OOM_MALLOC_ERROR:
 400        case OOM_MMAP_ERROR:
 401          if (_size) {
 402            st->print("# Native memory allocation ");
 403            st->print((_id == (int)OOM_MALLOC_ERROR) ? "(malloc) failed to allocate " :
 404                                                  "(mmap) failed to map ");
 405            jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), SIZE_FORMAT, _size);
 406            st->print("%s", buf);
 407            st->print(" bytes");
 408            if (_message != NULL) {
 409              st->print(" for ");
 410              st->print("%s", _message);
 411            }
 412            st->cr();
 413          } else {
 414            if (_message != NULL)
 415              st->print("# ");
 416              st->print_cr("%s", _message);
 417          }
 418          // In error file give some solutions
 419          if (_verbose) {
 420            st->print_cr("# Possible reasons:");
 421            st->print_cr("#   The system is out of physical RAM or swap space");
 422            st->print_cr("#   In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit");
 423            st->print_cr("# Possible solutions:");
 424            st->print_cr("#   Reduce memory load on the system");
 425            st->print_cr("#   Increase physical memory or swap space");
 426            st->print_cr("#   Check if swap backing store is full");
 427            st->print_cr("#   Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS");
 428            st->print_cr("#   Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)");
 429            st->print_cr("#   Decrease number of Java threads");
 430            st->print_cr("#   Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)");
 431            st->print_cr("#   Set larger code cache with -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=");
 432            st->print_cr("# This output file may be truncated or incomplete.");
 433          } else {
 434            return;  // that's enough for the screen
 435          }
 436          break;
 437        case INTERNAL_ERROR:
 438        default:
 439          break;
 440      }
 441 
 442   STEP(20, "(printing exception/signal name)")
 443 
 444      st->print_cr("#");
 445      st->print("#  ");
 446      // Is it an OS exception/signal?
 447      if (os::exception_name(_id, buf, sizeof(buf))) {
 448        st->print("%s", buf);
 449        st->print(" (0x%x)", _id);                // signal number
 450        st->print(" at pc=" PTR_FORMAT, _pc);
 451      } else {
 452        if (should_report_bug(_id)) {
 453          st->print("Internal Error");
 454        } else {
 455          st->print("Out of Memory Error");
 456        }
 457        if (_filename != NULL && _lineno > 0) {
 458 #ifdef PRODUCT
 459          // In product mode chop off pathname?
 460          char separator = os::file_separator()[0];
 461          const char *p = strrchr(_filename, separator);
 462          const char *file = p ? p+1 : _filename;
 463 #else
 464          const char *file = _filename;
 465 #endif
 466          st->print(" (%s:%d)", file, _lineno);
 467        } else {
 468          st->print(" (0x%x)", _id);
 469        }
 470      }
 471 
 472   STEP(30, "(printing current thread and pid)")
 473 
 474      // process id, thread id
 475      st->print(", pid=%d", os::current_process_id());
 476      st->print(", tid=" INTPTR_FORMAT, os::current_thread_id());
 477      st->cr();
 478 
 479   STEP(40, "(printing error message)")
 480 
 481      if (should_report_bug(_id)) {  // already printed the message.
 482        // error message
 483        if (_detail_msg) {
 484          st->print_cr("#  %s: %s", _message ? _message : "Error", _detail_msg);
 485        } else if (_message) {
 486          st->print_cr("#  Error: %s", _message);
 487        }
 488     }
 489 
 490   STEP(50, "(printing Java version string)")
 491 
 492      // VM version
 493      st->print_cr("#");
 494      JDK_Version::current().to_string(buf, sizeof(buf));
 495      const char* runtime_name = JDK_Version::runtime_name() != NULL ?
 496                                   JDK_Version::runtime_name() : "";
 497      const char* runtime_version = JDK_Version::runtime_version() != NULL ?
 498                                   JDK_Version::runtime_version() : "";
 499      st->print_cr("# JRE version: %s (%s) (build %s)", runtime_name, buf, runtime_version);
 500      st->print_cr("# Java VM: %s (%s %s %s %s)",
 501                    Abstract_VM_Version::vm_name(),
 502                    Abstract_VM_Version::vm_release(),
 503                    Abstract_VM_Version::vm_info_string(),
 504                    Abstract_VM_Version::vm_platform_string(),
 505                    UseCompressedOops ? "compressed oops" : ""
 506                  );
 507 
 508   STEP(60, "(printing problematic frame)")
 509 
 510      // Print current frame if we have a context (i.e. it's a crash)
 511      if (_context) {
 512        st->print_cr("# Problematic frame:");
 513        st->print("# ");
 514        frame fr = os::fetch_frame_from_context(_context);
 515        fr.print_on_error(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 516        st->cr();
 517        st->print_cr("#");
 518      }
 519   STEP(63, "(printing core file information)")
 520     st->print("# ");
 521     if (CreateCoredumpOnCrash) {
 522       if (coredump_status) {
 523         st->print("Core dump will be written. Default location: %s", coredump_message);
 524       } else {
 525         st->print("No core dump will be written. %s", coredump_message);
 526       }
 527     } else {
 528       st->print("CreateCoredumpOnCrash turned off, no core file dumped");
 529     }
 530     st->cr();
 531     st->print_cr("#");
 532 
 533   STEP(65, "(printing bug submit message)")
 534 
 535      if (should_report_bug(_id) && _verbose) {
 536        print_bug_submit_message(st, _thread);
 537      }
 538 
 539   STEP(70, "(printing thread)" )
 540 
 541      if (_verbose) {
 542        st->cr();
 543        st->print_cr("---------------  T H R E A D  ---------------");
 544        st->cr();
 545      }
 546 
 547   STEP(80, "(printing current thread)" )
 548 
 549      // current thread
 550      if (_verbose) {
 551        if (_thread) {
 552          st->print("Current thread (" PTR_FORMAT "):  ", _thread);
 553          _thread->print_on_error(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 554          st->cr();
 555        } else {
 556          st->print_cr("Current thread is native thread");
 557        }
 558        st->cr();
 559      }
 560 
 561   STEP(90, "(printing siginfo)" )
 562 
 563      // signal no, signal code, address that caused the fault
 564      if (_verbose && _siginfo) {
 565        os::print_siginfo(st, _siginfo);
 566        st->cr();
 567      }
 568 
 569   STEP(100, "(printing registers, top of stack, instructions near pc)")
 570 
 571      // registers, top of stack, instructions near pc
 572      if (_verbose && _context) {
 573        os::print_context(st, _context);
 574        st->cr();
 575      }
 576 
 577   STEP(105, "(printing register info)")
 578 
 579      // decode register contents if possible
 580      if (_verbose && _context && Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
 581        os::print_register_info(st, _context);
 582        st->cr();
 583      }
 584 
 585   STEP(110, "(printing stack bounds)" )
 586 
 587      if (_verbose) {
 588        st->print("Stack: ");
 589 
 590        address stack_top;
 591        size_t stack_size;
 592 
 593        if (_thread) {
 594           stack_top = _thread->stack_base();
 595           stack_size = _thread->stack_size();
 596        } else {
 597           stack_top = os::current_stack_base();
 598           stack_size = os::current_stack_size();
 599        }
 600 
 601        address stack_bottom = stack_top - stack_size;
 602        st->print("[" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT "]", stack_bottom, stack_top);
 603 
 604        frame fr = _context ? os::fetch_frame_from_context(_context)
 605                            : os::current_frame();
 606 
 607        if (fr.sp()) {
 608          st->print(",  sp=" PTR_FORMAT, fr.sp());
 609          size_t free_stack_size = pointer_delta(fr.sp(), stack_bottom, 1024);
 610          st->print(",  free space=" SIZE_FORMAT "k", free_stack_size);
 611        }
 612 
 613        st->cr();
 614      }
 615 
 616   STEP(120, "(printing native stack)" )
 617 
 618    if (_verbose) {
 619      if (os::platform_print_native_stack(st, _context, buf, sizeof(buf))) {
 620        // We have printed the native stack in platform-specific code
 621        // Windows/x64 needs special handling.
 622      } else {
 623        frame fr = _context ? os::fetch_frame_from_context(_context)
 624                            : os::current_frame();
 625 
 626        print_native_stack(st, fr, _thread, buf, sizeof(buf));
 627      }
 628    }
 629 
 630   STEP(130, "(printing Java stack)" )
 631 
 632      if (_verbose && _thread && _thread->is_Java_thread()) {
 633        print_stack_trace(st, (JavaThread*)_thread, buf, sizeof(buf));
 634      }
 635 
 636   STEP(135, "(printing target Java thread stack)" )
 637 
 638      // printing Java thread stack trace if it is involved in GC crash
 639      if (_verbose && _thread && (_thread->is_Named_thread())) {
 640        JavaThread*  jt = ((NamedThread *)_thread)->processed_thread();
 641        if (jt != NULL) {
 642          st->print_cr("JavaThread " PTR_FORMAT " (nid = " UINTX_FORMAT ") was being processed", jt, jt->osthread()->thread_id());
 643          print_stack_trace(st, jt, buf, sizeof(buf), true);
 644        }
 645      }
 646 
 647   STEP(140, "(printing VM operation)" )
 648 
 649      if (_verbose && _thread && _thread->is_VM_thread()) {
 650         VMThread* t = (VMThread*)_thread;
 651         VM_Operation* op = t->vm_operation();
 652         if (op) {
 653           op->print_on_error(st);
 654           st->cr();
 655           st->cr();
 656         }
 657      }
 658 
 659   STEP(150, "(printing current compile task)" )
 660 
 661      if (_verbose && _thread && _thread->is_Compiler_thread()) {
 662         CompilerThread* t = (CompilerThread*)_thread;
 663         if (t->task()) {
 664            st->cr();
 665            st->print_cr("Current CompileTask:");
 666            t->task()->print_line_on_error(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 667            st->cr();
 668         }
 669      }
 670 
 671   STEP(160, "(printing process)" )
 672 
 673      if (_verbose) {
 674        st->cr();
 675        st->print_cr("---------------  P R O C E S S  ---------------");
 676        st->cr();
 677      }
 678 
 679   STEP(170, "(printing all threads)" )
 680 
 681      // all threads
 682      if (_verbose && _thread) {
 683        Threads::print_on_error(st, _thread, buf, sizeof(buf));
 684        st->cr();
 685      }
 686 
 687   STEP(175, "(printing VM state)" )
 688 
 689      if (_verbose) {
 690        // Safepoint state
 691        st->print("VM state:");
 692 
 693        if (SafepointSynchronize::is_synchronizing()) st->print("synchronizing");
 694        else if (SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) st->print("at safepoint");
 695        else st->print("not at safepoint");
 696 
 697        // Also see if error occurred during initialization or shutdown
 698        if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
 699          st->print(" (not fully initialized)");
 700        } else if (VM_Exit::vm_exited()) {
 701          st->print(" (shutting down)");
 702        } else {
 703          st->print(" (normal execution)");
 704        }
 705        st->cr();
 706        st->cr();
 707      }
 708 
 709   STEP(180, "(printing owned locks on error)" )
 710 
 711      // mutexes/monitors that currently have an owner
 712      if (_verbose) {
 713        print_owned_locks_on_error(st);
 714        st->cr();
 715      }
 716 
 717   STEP(190, "(printing heap information)" )
 718 
 719      if (_verbose && Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
 720        Universe::heap()->print_on_error(st);
 721        st->cr();
 722 
 723        st->print_cr("Polling page: " INTPTR_FORMAT, os::get_polling_page());
 724        st->cr();
 725      }
 726 
 727   STEP(195, "(printing code cache information)" )
 728 
 729      if (_verbose && Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
 730        // print code cache information before vm abort
 731        CodeCache::print_summary(st);
 732        st->cr();
 733      }
 734 
 735   STEP(200, "(printing ring buffers)" )
 736 
 737      if (_verbose) {
 738        Events::print_all(st);
 739        st->cr();
 740      }
 741 
 742   STEP(205, "(printing dynamic libraries)" )
 743 
 744      if (_verbose) {
 745        // dynamic libraries, or memory map
 746        os::print_dll_info(st);
 747        st->cr();
 748      }
 749 
 750   STEP(210, "(printing VM options)" )
 751 
 752      if (_verbose) {
 753        // VM options
 754        Arguments::print_on(st);
 755        st->cr();
 756      }
 757 
 758   STEP(215, "(printing warning if internal testing API used)" )
 759 
 760      if (WhiteBox::used()) {
 761        st->print_cr("Unsupported internal testing APIs have been used.");
 762        st->cr();
 763      }
 764 
 765   STEP(220, "(printing environment variables)" )
 766 
 767      if (_verbose) {
 768        os::print_environment_variables(st, env_list);
 769        st->cr();
 770      }
 771 
 772   STEP(225, "(printing signal handlers)" )
 773 
 774      if (_verbose) {
 775        os::print_signal_handlers(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 776        st->cr();
 777      }
 778 
 779   STEP(228, "(Native Memory Tracking)" )
 780      if (_verbose) {
 781        MemTracker::error_report(st);
 782      }
 783 
 784   STEP(230, "" )
 785 
 786      if (_verbose) {
 787        st->cr();
 788        st->print_cr("---------------  S Y S T E M  ---------------");
 789        st->cr();
 790      }
 791 
 792   STEP(240, "(printing OS information)" )
 793 
 794      if (_verbose) {
 795        os::print_os_info(st);
 796        st->cr();
 797      }
 798 
 799   STEP(250, "(printing CPU info)" )
 800      if (_verbose) {
 801        os::print_cpu_info(st);
 802        st->cr();
 803      }
 804 
 805   STEP(260, "(printing memory info)" )
 806 
 807      if (_verbose) {
 808        os::print_memory_info(st);
 809        st->cr();
 810      }
 811 
 812   STEP(270, "(printing internal vm info)" )
 813 
 814      if (_verbose) {
 815        st->print_cr("vm_info: %s", Abstract_VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
 816        st->cr();
 817      }
 818 
 819   STEP(280, "(printing date and time)" )
 820 
 821      if (_verbose) {
 822        os::print_date_and_time(st);
 823        st->cr();
 824      }
 825 
 826 #ifndef PRODUCT
 827   // print a defined marker to show that error handling finished correctly.
 828   STEP(290, "(printing end marker)" )
 829 
 830      if (_verbose) {
 831        st->print_cr("END.");
 832      }
 833 #endif
 834 
 835   END
 836 
 837 # undef BEGIN
 838 # undef STEP
 839 # undef END
 840 }
 841 
 842 VMError* volatile VMError::first_error = NULL;
 843 volatile jlong VMError::first_error_tid = -1;
 844 
 845 // An error could happen before tty is initialized or after it has been
 846 // destroyed. Here we use a very simple unbuffered fdStream for printing.
 847 // Only out.print_raw() and out.print_raw_cr() should be used, as other
 848 // printing methods need to allocate large buffer on stack. To format a
 849 // string, use jio_snprintf() with a static buffer or use staticBufferStream.
 850 fdStream VMError::out(defaultStream::output_fd());
 851 fdStream VMError::log; // error log used by VMError::report_and_die()
 852 
 853 /** Expand a pattern into a buffer starting at pos and open a file using constructed path */
 854 static int expand_and_open(const char* pattern, char* buf, size_t buflen, size_t pos) {
 855   int fd = -1;
 856   if (Arguments::copy_expand_pid(pattern, strlen(pattern), &buf[pos], buflen - pos)) {
 857     // the O_EXCL flag will cause the open to fail if the file exists
 858     fd = open(buf, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 859   }
 860   return fd;
 861 }
 862 
 863 /**
 864  * Construct file name for a log file and return it's file descriptor.
 865  * Name and location depends on pattern, default_pattern params and access
 866  * permissions.
 867  */
 868 static int prepare_log_file(const char* pattern, const char* default_pattern, char* buf, size_t buflen) {
 869   int fd = -1;
 870 
 871   // If possible, use specified pattern to construct log file name
 872   if (pattern != NULL) {
 873     fd = expand_and_open(pattern, buf, buflen, 0);
 874   }
 875 
 876   // Either user didn't specify, or the user's location failed,
 877   // so use the default name in the current directory
 878   if (fd == -1) {
 879     const char* cwd = os::get_current_directory(buf, buflen);
 880     if (cwd != NULL) {
 881       size_t pos = strlen(cwd);
 882       int fsep_len = jio_snprintf(&buf[pos], buflen-pos, "%s", os::file_separator());
 883       pos += fsep_len;
 884       if (fsep_len > 0) {
 885         fd = expand_and_open(default_pattern, buf, buflen, pos);
 886       }
 887     }
 888   }
 889 
 890    // try temp directory if it exists.
 891    if (fd == -1) {
 892      const char* tmpdir = os::get_temp_directory();
 893      if (tmpdir != NULL && strlen(tmpdir) > 0) {
 894        int pos = jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s%s", tmpdir, os::file_separator());
 895        if (pos > 0) {
 896          fd = expand_and_open(default_pattern, buf, buflen, pos);
 897        }
 898      }
 899    }
 900 
 901   return fd;
 902 }
 903 
 904 void VMError::report_and_die() {
 905   // Don't allocate large buffer on stack
 906   static char buffer[O_BUFLEN];
 907 
 908   // How many errors occurred in error handler when reporting first_error.
 909   static int recursive_error_count;
 910 
 911   // We will first print a brief message to standard out (verbose = false),
 912   // then save detailed information in log file (verbose = true).
 913   static bool out_done = false;         // done printing to standard out
 914   static bool log_done = false;         // done saving error log
 915   static bool transmit_report_done = false; // done error reporting
 916 
 917   if (SuppressFatalErrorMessage) {
 918       os::abort(CreateCoredumpOnCrash);
 919   }
 920   jlong mytid = os::current_thread_id();
 921   if (first_error == NULL &&
 922       Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(this, &first_error, NULL) == NULL) {
 923 
 924     // first time
 925     first_error_tid = mytid;
 926     set_error_reported();
 927 
 928     if (ShowMessageBoxOnError || PauseAtExit) {
 929       show_message_box(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 930 
 931       // User has asked JVM to abort. Reset ShowMessageBoxOnError so the
 932       // WatcherThread can kill JVM if the error handler hangs.
 933       ShowMessageBoxOnError = false;
 934     }
 935 
 936     os::check_dump_limit(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 937 
 938     // reset signal handlers or exception filter; make sure recursive crashes
 939     // are handled properly.
 940     reset_signal_handlers();
 941 
 942   } else {
 943     // If UseOsErrorReporting we call this for each level of the call stack
 944     // while searching for the exception handler.  Only the first level needs
 945     // to be reported.
 946     if (UseOSErrorReporting && log_done) return;
 947 
 948     // This is not the first error, see if it happened in a different thread
 949     // or in the same thread during error reporting.
 950     if (first_error_tid != mytid) {
 951       char msgbuf[64];
 952       jio_snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf),
 953                    "[thread " INT64_FORMAT " also had an error]",
 954                    mytid);
 955       out.print_raw_cr(msgbuf);
 956 
 957       // error reporting is not MT-safe, block current thread
 958       os::infinite_sleep();
 959 
 960     } else {
 961       if (recursive_error_count++ > 30) {
 962         out.print_raw_cr("[Too many errors, abort]");
 963         os::die();
 964       }
 965 
 966       jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
 967                    "[error occurred during error reporting %s, id 0x%x]",
 968                    first_error ? first_error->_current_step_info : "",
 969                    _id);
 970       if (log.is_open()) {
 971         log.cr();
 972         log.print_raw_cr(buffer);
 973         log.cr();
 974       } else {
 975         out.cr();
 976         out.print_raw_cr(buffer);
 977         out.cr();
 978       }
 979     }
 980   }
 981 
 982   // print to screen
 983   if (!out_done) {
 984     first_error->_verbose = false;
 985 
 986     staticBufferStream sbs(buffer, sizeof(buffer), &out);
 987     first_error->report(&sbs);
 988 
 989     out_done = true;
 990 
 991     first_error->_current_step = 0;         // reset current_step
 992     first_error->_current_step_info = "";   // reset current_step string
 993   }
 994 
 995   // print to error log file
 996   if (!log_done) {
 997     first_error->_verbose = true;
 998 
 999     // see if log file is already open
1000     if (!log.is_open()) {
1001       // open log file
1002       int fd = prepare_log_file(ErrorFile, "hs_err_pid%p.log", buffer, sizeof(buffer));
1003       if (fd != -1) {
1004         out.print_raw("# An error report file with more information is saved as:\n# ");
1005         out.print_raw_cr(buffer);
1006 
1007         log.set_fd(fd);
1008       } else {
1009         out.print_raw_cr("# Can not save log file, dump to screen..");
1010         log.set_fd(defaultStream::output_fd());
1011         /* Error reporting currently needs dumpfile.
1012          * Maybe implement direct streaming in the future.*/
1013         transmit_report_done = true;
1014       }
1015     }
1016 
1017     staticBufferStream sbs(buffer, O_BUFLEN, &log);
1018     first_error->report(&sbs);
1019     first_error->_current_step = 0;         // reset current_step
1020     first_error->_current_step_info = "";   // reset current_step string
1021 
1022     // Run error reporting to determine whether or not to report the crash.
1023     if (!transmit_report_done && should_report_bug(first_error->_id)) {
1024       transmit_report_done = true;
1025       const int fd2 = ::dup(log.fd());
1026       FILE* const hs_err = ::fdopen(fd2, "r");
1027       if (NULL != hs_err) {
1028         ErrorReporter er;
1029         er.call(hs_err, buffer, O_BUFLEN);
1030       }
1031       ::fclose(hs_err);
1032     }
1033 
1034     if (log.fd() != defaultStream::output_fd()) {
1035       close(log.fd());
1036     }
1037 
1038     log.set_fd(-1);
1039     log_done = true;
1040   }
1041 
1042 
1043   static bool skip_OnError = false;
1044   if (!skip_OnError && OnError && OnError[0]) {
1045     skip_OnError = true;
1046 
1047     out.print_raw_cr("#");
1048     out.print_raw   ("# -XX:OnError=\"");
1049     out.print_raw   (OnError);
1050     out.print_raw_cr("\"");
1051 
1052     char* cmd;
1053     const char* ptr = OnError;
1054     while ((cmd = next_OnError_command(buffer, sizeof(buffer), &ptr)) != NULL){
1055       out.print_raw   ("#   Executing ");
1056 #if defined(LINUX) || defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
1057       out.print_raw   ("/bin/sh -c ");
1058 #elif defined(SOLARIS)
1059       out.print_raw   ("/usr/bin/sh -c ");
1060 #endif
1061       out.print_raw   ("\"");
1062       out.print_raw   (cmd);
1063       out.print_raw_cr("\" ...");
1064 
1065       if (os::fork_and_exec(cmd) < 0) {
1066         out.print_cr("os::fork_and_exec failed: %s (%d)", strerror(errno), errno);
1067       }
1068     }
1069 
1070     // done with OnError
1071     OnError = NULL;
1072   }
1073 
1074   static bool skip_replay = ReplayCompiles; // Do not overwrite file during replay
1075   if (DumpReplayDataOnError && _thread && _thread->is_Compiler_thread() && !skip_replay) {
1076     skip_replay = true;
1077     ciEnv* env = ciEnv::current();
1078     if (env != NULL) {
1079       int fd = prepare_log_file(ReplayDataFile, "replay_pid%p.log", buffer, sizeof(buffer));
1080       if (fd != -1) {
1081         FILE* replay_data_file = os::open(fd, "w");
1082         if (replay_data_file != NULL) {
1083           fileStream replay_data_stream(replay_data_file, /*need_close=*/true);
1084           env->dump_replay_data_unsafe(&replay_data_stream);
1085           out.print_raw("#\n# Compiler replay data is saved as:\n# ");
1086           out.print_raw_cr(buffer);
1087         } else {
1088           out.print_raw("#\n# Can't open file to dump replay data. Error: ");
1089           out.print_raw_cr(strerror(os::get_last_error()));
1090         }
1091       }
1092     }
1093   }
1094 
1095   static bool skip_bug_url = !should_report_bug(first_error->_id);
1096   if (!skip_bug_url) {
1097     skip_bug_url = true;
1098 
1099     out.print_raw_cr("#");
1100     print_bug_submit_message(&out, _thread);
1101   }
1102 
1103   if (!UseOSErrorReporting) {
1104     // os::abort() will call abort hooks, try it first.
1105     static bool skip_os_abort = false;
1106     if (!skip_os_abort) {
1107       skip_os_abort = true;
1108       bool dump_core = should_report_bug(first_error->_id);
1109       os::abort(dump_core && CreateCoredumpOnCrash, _siginfo, _context);
1110     }
1111 
1112     // if os::abort() doesn't abort, try os::die();
1113     os::die();
1114   }
1115 }
1116 
1117 /*
1118  * OnOutOfMemoryError scripts/commands executed while VM is a safepoint - this
1119  * ensures utilities such as jmap can observe the process is a consistent state.
1120  */
1121 class VM_ReportJavaOutOfMemory : public VM_Operation {
1122  private:
1123   VMError *_err;
1124  public:
1125   VM_ReportJavaOutOfMemory(VMError *err) { _err = err; }
1126   VMOp_Type type() const                 { return VMOp_ReportJavaOutOfMemory; }
1127   void doit();
1128 };
1129 
1130 void VM_ReportJavaOutOfMemory::doit() {
1131   // Don't allocate large buffer on stack
1132   static char buffer[O_BUFLEN];
1133 
1134   tty->print_cr("#");
1135   tty->print_cr("# java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: %s", _err->message());
1136   tty->print_cr("# -XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=\"%s\"", OnOutOfMemoryError);
1137 
1138   // make heap parsability
1139   Universe::heap()->ensure_parsability(false);  // no need to retire TLABs
1140 
1141   char* cmd;
1142   const char* ptr = OnOutOfMemoryError;
1143   while ((cmd = next_OnError_command(buffer, sizeof(buffer), &ptr)) != NULL){
1144     tty->print("#   Executing ");
1145 #if defined(LINUX)
1146     tty->print  ("/bin/sh -c ");
1147 #elif defined(SOLARIS)
1148     tty->print  ("/usr/bin/sh -c ");
1149 #endif
1150     tty->print_cr("\"%s\"...", cmd);
1151 
1152     if (os::fork_and_exec(cmd) < 0) {
1153       tty->print_cr("os::fork_and_exec failed: %s (%d)", strerror(errno), errno);
1154     }
1155   }
1156 }
1157 
1158 void VMError::report_java_out_of_memory() {
1159   if (OnOutOfMemoryError && OnOutOfMemoryError[0]) {
1160     MutexLocker ml(Heap_lock);
1161     VM_ReportJavaOutOfMemory op(this);
1162     VMThread::execute(&op);
1163   }
1164 }